Table 2 Cesarean delivery (CD) among nulliparous women with singleton, cephalic and term birth by onset of labor: spontaneous onset (R1), induction (R2a) and pre-labor cesarean delivery (R2b) and time period, N = 1 067 356
Time period | 1967–1982 | 1983–1998 | 1999–2020 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | CD (%)a | n | CD (%) | n | CD (%) | |
Spontaneous onset (R1) | ||||||
< 20 | 57,484 | 3.5 | 23,403 | 4.5 | 14,725 | 4.6 |
20–24 | 139,406 | 2.4 | 96,312 | 5.0 | 79,317 | 5.9 |
25–29 | 63,139 | 3.7 | 93,270 | 6.1 | 133,935 | 7.3 |
30–34 | 13,571 | 7.2 | 30,746 | 8.6 | 83,395 | 9.5 |
35–39 | 3156 | 18.3 | 6551 | 14.7 | 22,576 | 13.3 |
> = 40 | 655 | 35.0 | 710 | 28.7 | 2844 | 17.5 |
Total | 277,414 | 3.1 | 250,992 | 6.1 | 336,792 | 7.9 |
Onset by induction (R2a) | ||||||
< 20 | 8406 | 7.0 | 3886 | 13.2 | 2657 | 13.7 |
20–24 | 23,718 | 7.9 | 17,266 | 15.7 | 16,688 | 18.5 |
25–29 | 13,253 | 9.6 | 18,922 | 19.2 | 31,240 | 21.4 |
30–34 | 3459 | 14.8 | 7678 | 24.1 | 23,958 | 25.9 |
35–39 | 1000 | 30.8 | 2150 | 33.3 | 9427 | 31.2 |
> = 40 | 214 | 45.8 | 300 | 44.0 | 2520 | 35.7 |
Total | 50,050 | 9.3 | 50,202 | 19.0 | 86,490 | 23.4 |
Pre-labor cesarean delivery (R2b/R2c) | ||||||
< 20 | 150 | 1.8 | 216 | 5.3 | 257 | 8.8 |
20–24 | 461 | 1.9 | 948 | 5.2 | 1443 | 8.0 |
25–29 | 336 | 2.5 | 1202 | 6.0 | 3039 | 8.9 |
30–34 | 154 | 4.3 | 821 | 9.7 | 3068 | 11.4 |
35–39 | 108 | 9.7 | 497 | 18.8 | 1829 | 16.2 |
> = 40 | 53 | 19.9 | 200 | 40.0 | 634 | 20.1 |
Total | 1262 | 2.5 | 3884 | 7.2 | 10,270 | 10.6 |
All (R1 + R2a + R2b) | ||||||
< 20 | 66,043 | 2.9 | 27,505 | 6.5 | 17,639 | 7.3 |
20–24 | 163,585 | 3.5 | 114,526 | 7.4 | 97,448 | 9.4 |
25–29 | 76,728 | 5.1 | 113,394 | 9.3 | 168,214 | 11.6 |
30–34 | 17,184 | 9.5 | 39,245 | 13.6 | 110,421 | 15.6 |
35–39 | 4264 | 23.3 | 9198 | 23.7 | 33,832 | 23.0 |
> = 40 | 922 | 41.2 | 1210 | 44.3 | 5998 | 33.9 |
Total | 328,726 | 4.4 | 305,078 | 9.4 | 433,552 | 13.1 |