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Table 3 Crude and adjusted odds ratios for obstetric and neonatal outcomes

From: Labor dystocia and oxytocin augmentation before or after six centimeters cervical dilatation, in nulliparous women with spontaneous labor, in relation to mode of birth

 

Crude OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR* (95% CI)

Primary outcome

Operative birth

  ≤ 5 cm

1.34 (0.84–2.14)

1.28 (0.78–2.08)

 Fully dilated

0.47 (0.27–0.83)

0.48 (0.27–0.85)

Secondary outcome

 Need of epidural

   ≤ 5 cm

0.92 (0.5–1.71)

0.91 (0.48–1.73)

  Fully dilated

0.31 (0.18–0.53)

0.28 (0.16–0.50)

OASI grade III + IV

  ≤ 5 cm

1.18 (0.51–2.77)

1.18 (0.50–2.81)

 Fully dilated

0.10 (0.41–2.40)

1.07 (0.44–2.60)

PPH (> 1000 ml)

  ≤ 5 cm

1.28 (0.56–2.96)

1.39 (0.60–3.28)

 Fully dilated

1.29 (0.56–2.98)

1.36 (0.58–3.17)

Apgar score < 7 at 5 min

  ≤ 5 cm

1.86 (0.55–6.27)

1.57 (0.45–5.46)

 Fully dilated

0.23 (0.03–2.01)

0.22 (0.02–2.00)

Negative birth experience VAS 1–4

  ≤ 5 cm

2.58 (1.32-5.01)

2.61 (1.30-5.29)

 Fully dilated

1.24 (0.60-2.55)

1.39 (0.65-2.97)

  1. Cervical dilatation at diagnosis of dystocia and start of oxytocin augmentation and the risk of operative birth (instrumental vaginal birth or cesarean section), adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes and risk of negative birthing experience. Cervical dilatation of 6–10 cm at diagnosis of dystocia and start of oxytocin augmentation was set as reference
  2. OR Odds Ratio, OASI obstetric anal sphincter injury, VAS Visual Analog Scale, PPH postpartum hemorrhage
  3. *Adjusted for maternal age at birth, BMI in early pregnancy and risk assessment at admission to the labor ward