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Table 2 Factors associated with alcohol use during pregnancy among pregnant mothers in sub-Saharan African countries, (n = 3,953)

From: Alcohol use during pregnancy and associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa: further analysis of the recent demographic and health survey data

Variable

Alcohol drinking during pregnancy

p- value

AOR

Yes (n = 901)

No(n = 3,052)

 

Frequency (%)

Frequency (%)

  

Agea

28(23–33)b

26(22–32)b

0.014

1.02(1.05,1.04)

Marital status

 Single

294(25.7%)

851(74.3%)

 

1

 Married

606(21.6%)

2201(78.4%)

0.49

1.08(0.9,1.3)

Residence

 Urban

167(18.3%)

747(81.7%)

 

1

 Rural

734(24%)

2305(76%)

0.19

1.17(0.92,1.5)

Religion

 Christian

848(30.5%)

1935(69.5%)

 

1

 Muslim

22(3%)

694(97%)

0.00

0.07(0.05,0.11)

 Other

31(6.8%)

423(93.2%)

0.00

0.24(0.16,0.35)

Mothers educational level

 No formal education

414(27%)

1,095(73%)

 

1

 Primary

354(23.8%)

1,133(76.2%)

0.49

1.07(0.9,1.3)

 Secondary

116(13.7%)

733(86.3%)

0.62

0.92(0.69,1.24)

 Higher

17(15.8%)

90(84.2%)

0.91

1.03(0.57,1.9)

Current working status

 Currently working

581(28%)

1519(72%)

o.oo4

1.3(1.09,1.55)

 Currently not working

320(17.3%)

1533(82.7%)

 

1

Husband education

 No formal education

336(30.6%)

761(69.4%)

 

1

 Primary education

305(22.6%)

1,044(77.4%)

0.00

0.7(0.55,0.84)

 Secondary education

136(14%)

828(86%)

0.00

0.53(0.41,0.69)

 Higher

31(17%)

149(83%)

0.006

0.5(0.3,0.82)

 Don’t know

93(25.6%)

271(74.4%)

0.03

0.68(0.47,0.97)

Wealth index

 Poor

403(23.6%)

1302(76.4%)

 

1

 Medium

191(24.3%)

595(75.7%)

0.32

1.1(0.9,1.4)

 Rich

307(21%)

1155(79%)

0.62

1.06(0.85,1.3)

Media exposure

 Exposed

666(24.7%)

2036(75.3%)

0.85

0.98(0.8,1.2)

 Non exposed

235(19%)

1016(81%)

 

1

Current pregnancy

 Wanted

804(22.6)%

2761(77.5%)

0.75

0.95(0.7,1.3)

 Unwanted

97(25%)

291(75%)

 

1

Have ANC visits

 Yes

527(24%)

1674(76%)

0.03

0.82(0.68,0.98)

 No

373(21.3%)

1378(78.7%)

 

1

Ever had terminated pregnancy

 Yes

165(26.5%)

460(73.5%)

0.17

1.17(0.93,1.5)

 No

735(22.1%)

2592(77.9%)

 

1

 Graviditya

3(2–5)c

3(2–5)c

0.03

0.93(0.86,0.99)

  1. Key: a( continuous),b(mean with standard deviation,c( Median with interquartile range)