Table 2 The results of subgroup analysis
Subgroup | Studies | Pooled incidence % (95%CI) | I2 (%) | Test of Difference within Each Subgroup | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q | p | ||||
Mean age | 8.08 | 0.040 | |||
≤ 25 | 1 | 6.98(2.27–19.51) | - | ||
26–30 | 7 | 26.34(13.66–44.69) | 98.20 | ||
31–35 | 8 | 20.78(14.56–28.75) | 89.50 | ||
> 35 | 1 | 14.06(11.14–17.60) | - | ||
Mean BMI | 0.35 | 0.555 | |||
≤ 25 | 9 | 20.05 (14.44–39.05) | 96.30 | ||
> 25 | 7 | 24.74 (12.03–31.50) | 96.80 | ||
Percentage of overweight/obese patients | 59.09 | < 0.001 | |||
≤ 30% | 2 | 18.74 (18.12–19.37) | 0.00 | ||
31%-40% | 2 | 14.34 (11.52–17.72) | 0.00 | ||
41%-50% | 2 | 28.30 (5.95–71.11) | 98.50 | ||
> 50% | 1 | 40.37 (38.39–56.52) | - | ||
Percentage of primigravida | 97.84 | < 0.001 | |||
≤ 30% | 1 | 31.04 (27.65–34.65) | - | ||
> 30% | 2 | 55.39 (52.49–58.25) | 0.00 | ||
Percentage of smoking patients | 4.05 | 0.044 | |||
≤ 10% | 6 | 13.87 (7.61–23.96) | 98.60 | ||
> 10% | 2 | 39.02 (16.66–67.18) | 96.30 | ||
WHO Area | 5.33 | 0.255 | |||
European | 7 | 19.06(9.36–34.95) | 97.70 | ||
Western Pacific | 9 | 22.33(12.31–31.69) | 97.30 | ||
Americas | 2 | 34.38(14.30–62.19) | 99.70 | ||
South-East Asia | 2 | 14.34(11.52–17.72) | 0.00 | ||
Eastern Mediterranean | 2 | 20.88(4.57–59.26) | 87.60 | ||
Income classification | 0.08 | 0.783 | |||
High-income | 11 | 19.74 (11.69–31.35) | 99.10 | ||
Upper-middle-income | 11 | 21.65 (13.72–32.42) | 97.00 | ||
Sample size | 4.26 | 0.038 | |||
0–300 | 13 | 27.40(19.91–26.41) | 92.90 | ||
≥ 301 | 9 | 14.02 (7.65–24.32) | 99.40 | ||
Quality score | 3.03 | 0.081 | |||
Low | 13 | 26.05 (18.07–36.01) | 97.00 | ||
High/acceptable | 9 | 14.54 (20.04–25.00) | 98.90 | ||
Assessment tool | 5.93 | 0.115 | |||
WHO criteria | 2 | 15.71 (7.87–28.89) | 91.70 | ||
ADA criteria | 5 | 33.80 (21.36–48.98) | 93.10 | ||
IADPSG criteria | 3 | 12.37 (4.04–32.12) | 93.10 | ||
Others | 6 | 18.90 (8.95–35.60) | 98.20 | ||