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Table 2 Logistic regression results for maternal health services1

From: Decomposing maternal socioeconomic inequalities in Zimbabwe; leaving no woman behind

 

Skilled Birth Attendance

Antenatal Care

Postnatal Care

Socio-demographic Characteristics

Odds Ratio [Conf. Interval2]

Standard Error

Odds Ratio [Conf. Interval]

Standard Error

Odds Ratio [Conf. Interval]

Standard Error

Women age groups

 15-24 years

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 25-34 years

2.32a [1.28 4.20]

0.70

1.06 [0.82 1.38]

0.14

1.17 [0.88 1.55]

0.17

 35-44 years

4.65a [2.10 10.29]

1.89

1.26 [0.89 1.80]

0.23

1.51b [1.03 2.21]

0.30

 45-49 years

2.57 [0.33 20.01]

2.69

1.56 [0.64 3.82]

0.71

1.21 [0.52 2.81]

0.52

Residence status

 Urban

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Rural

0.64 [0.27 1.49]

0.28

2.25a [1.55 3.27]

0.43

1.06 [0.72 1.57]

0.21

Women’s education

 No education

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Primary

0.08b [0.01 0.82]

0.10

0.78 [0.35 1.76]

0.32

0.92 [0.42 2.00]

0.36

 Secondary

0.12 [0.01 1.19]

0.14

0.60 [0.27 1.37]

0.25

1.28 [0.58 2.82]

0.52

 Tertiary

0.32 [0.00 33.69]

0.76

0.80 [0.29 2.18]

0.41

2.06 [0.74 5.70]

1.07

Partner’s education

 No education

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Primary

5.17b [1.17 22.77]

3.91

0.77 [0.31 1.91]

0.36

0.55 [0.23 1.34]

0.25

 Secondary

4.30b [1.00 18.73]

3.23

0.68 [0.27 1.68]

0.31

0.59 [0.24 1.43]

0.27

 Tertiary

8.01b [1.02 62.81]

8.42

0.75 [0.28 2.00]

0.38

0.55 [0.21 1.48]

0.28

Socioeconomic status

 Poorest

Ref

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ref

ref

ref

ref

 Poorer

1.07 [0.61 1.86]

0.30

0.97 [0.74 1.26]

0.13

0.88 [0.67 1.16]

0.12

 Middle

0.56 [0.30 1.08]

0.19

1.40b [1.03 1.90]

0.22

1.21 [0.87 1.67]

0.20

 Richer

0.20a [0.08 0.50]

0.09

1.17 [0.78 1.76]

0.24

0.90 [0.59 1.37]

0.20

 Richest

0.64 [0.16 2.66]

0.47

2.36a [1.39 3.99]

0.63

0.97 [0.55 1.73]

0.29

Household head sex

 Male

ref

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ref

ref

ref

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 Female

0.49a [0.32 0.74]

0.10

0.89 [0.74 1.07]

0.08

0.97 [0.79 1.20]

0.10

Employment status

 Unemployed

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 Employed

0.67a [0.45 1.00]

0.14

1.10 [0.92 1.31]

0.10

1.26b [1.03 1.53]

0.13

Delivery place

 Home

ref

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ref

ref

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 Public hospitals

13.73a [7.67 24.58]

4.08

2.27a [1.74 2.95]

0.31

2.89a [2.19 3.80]

0.41

 Public clinics

17.44a [9.47 32.12]

5.43

1.90a [1.47 2.45]

0.25

3.76a [2.86 4.95]

0.53

 Private hospitals/clinics

17.03b [1.08269.45]

23.99

7.64a [3.64 16.05]

2.89

1.87b [1.08 3.21]

0.52

 Mission hospitals/clinics

45.71a [5.64370.37]

48.79

2.88a [1.89 4.37]

0.62

2.17a [1.46 3.24]

0.44

Antenatal care

 Less than 4 ANC visits

ref

ref

  

ref

ref

 At least 4 ANC visits

100.06a [45.84218.41]

39.85

  

1.30b [1.02 1.66]

0.16

Postnatal care

 Not receive PNC

Ref

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ref

ref

  

 Received PNC

4.65a [3.10 6.96]

0.96

1.30b [1.02 1.65]

0.16

  

Birth order

 1st

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 2nd

0.95 [0.48 1.87]

.3276241

0.89 [0.67 1.18]

0.13

0.62a [0.45 0.85]

0.10

 3rd

0.55 [0.25 1.19]

0.22

0.82 [0.60 1.13]

0.14

0.70b [0.48 1.01]

0.13

 4+

0.20a [0.09 0.45]

0.08

0.73 [0.51 1.03]

0.13

0.59a [0.40 0.87]

0.12

Distance to health facility

 Not a big problem

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

 A big problem

1.27 [0.81 1.98]

0.29

1.03 [0.84 1.25]

0.10

1.02 [0.82 1.27]

0.11

Radio access

 Not at all

ref

ref

ref

ref

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 Less than once a week

1.07 [0.64 1.80]

0.28

0.79b [0.63 1.00]

0.09

1.42a [1.08 1.85]

0.19

 At least once a week

2.00a [1.25 3.21]

0.48

1.00 [0.82 1.23]

0.11

1.21 [0.97 1.50]

0.14

Television access

 Not at all

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

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 Less than once a week

1.68 [0.82 3.46]

0.62

1.48a [1.11 1.98]

0.22

1.20 [0.86 1.67]

0.20

 At least once a week

1.21 [0.65 2.27]

0.3

1.28b [0.99 1.66]

0.17

1.04 [0.77 1.41]

0.16

Skilled birth attendance

 Did not receive SBA

  

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 Received SBA

  

80.68a [38.47169.18]

30.48

4.82a [3.38 6.88]

0.87

  1. 1a and b indicate statistical significance at the 1 and 5%, respectively
  2. 2Confidence Interval