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Table 1 Characteristics of 14,964 singleton births by COVID-19 pandemic cohort and maternal SARS-CoV-2 status

From: COVID-19 pandemic-related change in racial and ethnic disparities in exclusive breastmilk feeding during the delivery hospitalization: a differences-in-differences analysis

 

Pre-pandemic cohort

1/1/19-2/28/20

n=11,842

Pandemic cohort

4/1/20-7/31/20

n=3122a

Pandemic cohort with PCR test

4/1/20-7/31/20

n=3051

   

SARS-CoV-2 positive

n=156b

SARS-CoV-2 negative

n=2881b

Maternal age

  <25

1277 (10.8)

364 (11.7)

27 (17.3)

319 (11.1)

  25-34

6280 (53.0)

1619 (51.9)

78 (50.0)

1507 (52.3)

  35+

4284 (36.2)

1139 (36.5)

51 (32.7)

1055 (36.6)

Race/ethnicity

  Non-Latina Black

1306 (11.0)

374 (12.0)

25 (16.0)

342 (11.9)

  Latina

1935 (16.4)

540 (17.3)

44 (28.2)

482 (16.7)

  Non-Latina Asian

1245 (10.5)

349 (11.2)

4 (2.6)

339 (11.8)

  Non-Latina white

6185 (52.3)

1670 (53.5)

76 (48.7)

1542 (53.5)

  Other/unknown

1160 (9.8)

189 (6.1)

7 (4.5)

176 (6.1)

Insurance

  Private

9008 (76.1)

2389 (76.5)

102 (65.4)

2224 (77.2)

  Medicaid

1892 (16.0)

523 (16.8)

42 (26.9)

465 (16.1)

  Medicare

163 (1.4)

24 (0.8)

1 (0.6)

23 (0.8)

  Otherc

542 (4.6)

135 (4.3)

7 (4.5)

125 (4.3)

  Self-pay

237 (2.0)

51 (1.6)

4 (2.6)

44 (1.5)

Parity

  Nulliparous

5872 (49.6)

1510 (48.4)

55 (35.3)

1440 (50.0)

  Multiparous

5970 (50.4)

1612 (51.6)

101 (64.7)

1441 (50.0)

Body Mass Index

  Underweight (BMI<18.5)

259 (2.2)

59 (1.9)

2 (1.3)

55 (1.9)

  Normal weight (18.5≤BMI<25)

4726 (39.9)

1202 (38.5)

45 (28.9)

1131 (39.3)

  Overweight (25≤BMI<30)

3623 (30.6)

1005 (32.2)

57 (36.5)

920 (31.9)

  Class 1 or 2 obesity (30≤BMI<40)

2443 (20.6)

635 (20.3)

42 (26.9)

565 (19.6)

  Class 3 obesity (BMI≥40)

330 (2.8)

85 (2.7)

2 (1.3)

83 (2.9)

Gestational age at delivery

  Early term (37-38 weeks)

3110 (26.3)

792 (25.4)

48 (30.8)

726 (25.2)

  Full term (39-40 weeks)

7686 (64.9)

2061 (66.0)

92 (59.0)

1910 (66.3)

  Late term (41 weeks)

1020 (8.6)

263 (8.4)

16 (10.3)

239 (8.3)

  Post-term (42+ weeks)

26 (0.2)

6 (0.2)

0 (0.0)

6 (0.2)

  1. aColumn percentages do not sum to 100 in all cases due to missing data; bSum of positive and negative cases is not equal to total number of births in cohort because 85 deliveries were missing SARS-CoV-2 PCR test data; cOther race/ethnicity includes American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, and other or unspecified race/ethnicity