Table 1 Demographic, perinatal and child characteristics in the case-control study
Characteristics | Case (n = 548) | Control (n = 816) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | |
Gender (boys)** | 333 | 60.8 | 420 | 51.5 |
Age** | ||||
4 | 197 | 35.9 | 208 | 25.5 |
5–6 | 205 | 37.4 | 274 | 33.6 |
7–8 | 88 | 16.1 | 173 | 21.2 |
9–10 | 44 | 8.0 | 129 | 15.8 |
11–12 | 14 | 2.6 | 32 | 3.9 |
Family history of allergic diseases** | 280 | 51.1 | 165 | 20.2 |
folic acid exposure** | 436 | 79.6 | 553 | 67.8 |
Birth weight | ||||
2500–2999 | 77 | 14.1 | 113 | 13.8 |
3000–3499 | 264 | 48.2 | 401 | 49.1 |
3500–3999 | 160 | 29.2 | 240 | 29.4 |
≥ 4000 | 47 | 8.6 | 62 | 7.6 |
Newborn resuscitation | 11 | 2.0 | 19 | 2.3 |
Caesarean section* | 342 | 62.4 | 465 | 57.0 |
Feeding in the first 6 months | ||||
Breast feeding | 293 | 53.5 | 442 | 54.2 |
Mixed or exclusive formula feeding | 253 | 46.2 | 374 | 45.8 |
Passive smoking** | 188 | 34.3 | 382 | 46.8 |
Maternal educational level (yrs)** | ||||
≤ 9 | 37 | 6.8 | 149 | 18.3 |
10–12 | 63 | 11.5 | 143 | 17.5 |
13–16 | 351 | 64.1 | 405 | 49.6 |
≥ 17 | 44 | 8.0 | 40 | 4.9 |
Paternal education level (yrs)** | ||||
≤ 9 | 33 | 6.0 | 134 | 16.4 |
10–12 | 59 | 10.8 | 146 | 17.9 |
13–16 | 340 | 62.0 | 400 | 49.0 |
≥ 17 | 61 | 11.1 | 59 | 7.2 |