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Table 4 Selection of behaviour sources, intervention function, policy categories, BCTs, intervention strategies/mode of delivery for the intervention developed to promote PA in women with GDM following Motivational interview

From: Applying the behaviour change wheel to develop a smartphone application ‘stay-active’ to increase physical activity in women with gestational diabetes

Behaviour source targeted in the intervention

Intervention functions

Policy Category

BCTs

App Feature/Mode of delivery

Psychological capability

women (knowledge) report unaware of PA opportunities)

Education

Information about health consequence

Training:

Instruction on how to perform the behaviour

Service provision

Communication

Information about health consequences (5.1), Credible source (9.1), written persuasion about capabilities (15.1)

Resource centre within the application specific information about the PA & GDM (Hospital Trust leaflet)

Exercise booklet on examples of home exercise; promotional posters with a short film of typical activities & health benefits within the resource centre

Users are able on the application search for local specific antenatal PA

Psychological capacity

Behaviour Regulation & Goals

Training:

Education

Enablement:

Service provision

Communication

Training:

• Self-monitoring of behaviour (2.3)

Education

• prompts/cue (7.1)

• feedback on behaviour (2.2)

• self-monitoring of behaviour (2.3)

•;

Enablement:

• Goal setting (behaviour)(1.1)

• Action planning (1.4)

• Review behaviour goals (1.5)

Women can set, monitor and review PA Goals with HCP via the application

Ability to self-monitor goals via performance wheel

Feedback given on performance by automated & personalised message from MI midwife.

Reminders & promotional messages

Telephone/online weekly review by midwife and plan/adjust weekly goals

Social Opportunity

Individuals feel self-conscious being active by themselves.

Enablement Environmental restructuring

Communication

Credible source (9.1)

Prompts/cues (7.1)

Support from HCP via App/+/− family/partner.

Physical Opportunity

Environmental context and resources (persons situation

or environment)

Enablement

Communication

Instruction to perform the behaviour (4.1.)

Resource centre: Home exercise booklet within the Stay-Active enabling an option for women to fit activity into their lifestyle (learn this skill)

Reflective motivation

Education

Persuasion

Service provision

Self-monitoring of behaviour (2.3)

Credible source (7.1)

Written persuasion about capabilities (15.1)

Feedback on Behaviour (2.2)

Application Messages encourage/prompt users to reflect on their activity

Reflection and feedback from HCP (represent a credible source) as users complete and successfully maintain PA

Weekly goals educate/inform users about their PA capabilities

When a goal is completed, a positive message is displayed

Automatic motivation

Enablement

Communication

Service provision

Prompts/cues (7.1)

Regular reminders & promotional messages to prompt a positive habit change/maintenance