Table 2 Demographic information of the study participant (N = 7716)
Maternal characteristics | Low (< 7) Apgar score | Normal (≥7) Apgar score | χ2 p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Parity | |||
Nulliparous | 409 (55.8) | 3817 (54.66) | |
Multiparous | 324 (44.2) | 3166 (45.34) | 0.556 |
Maternal age | |||
< 25 | 273 (37.24) | 2575 (36.88) | |
25–35 | 361 (49.25) | 3606 (51.64) | |
> 35 | 99 (13.51) | 802 (11.49) | 0.214 |
Gestational age | |||
Term | 463 (63.17) | 5683 (81.38) | |
Preterm | 209 (28.51) | 593 (8.49) | |
Post term | 61 (8.32) | 707 (10.12) | < 0.001 |
PROM | |||
No | 709 (96.73) | 6829 (97.79) | |
Yes | 24 (3.27) | 154 (2.21) | 0.067 |
Gestational diabetes | |||
No | 730 (99.59) | 6974 (99.87) | |
Yes | 3 (0.41) | 9 (0.13) | 0.067 |
Prenatal visits | |||
< 3 | 296 (40.38) | 1796 (25.72) | |
3–6 | 365 (49.80) | 3997 (57.24) | |
> 6 | 72 (9.82) | 1190 (17.04) | < 0.001 |
Induction method | |||
Oxytocin | 591 (80.63) | 6361 (91.09) | |
Prostaglandins | 142 (19.37) | 622 (8.91) | < 0.001 |
Referred for delivery | |||
No | 453 (61.80) | 5573 (79.81) | |
Yes | 280 (38.20) | 1410 (20.19) | < 0.001 |
Ever Use of Family planning | |||
No | 344 (46.93) | 2896 (41.47) | |
Yes | 389 (53.07) | 4087 (58.53) | 0.004 |
Smoking during pregnancy | |||
No | 729 (99.45) | 6966 (99.76) | |
Yes | 4 (0.55) | 17 (0.24) | 0.135 |
Alcohol during pregnancy | |||
No | 550 (75.03) | 4977 (71.27) | |
Yes | 183 (24.97) | 2006 (28.73) | 0.032 |
Child sex | |||
Female | 412 (56.21) | 3563 (51.02) | |
Male | 321 (43.79) | 3420 (48.98) | 0.008 |
Body mass index | |||
Underweight | 2 (0.27) | 27 (0.39) | |
Normal | 109 (14.87) | 1262 (18.07) | |
Overweight | 455 (62.07) | 4133 (59.19) | |
Obese | 167 (22.78) | 1561 (22.35) | 0.169 |
Epilepsy | |||
No | 732 (99.86) | 6961 (99.68) | |
Yes | 1 (0.14) | 22 (0.32) | 0.399 |
Preeclampsia | |||
No | 717 (97.82) | 6873 (98.42) | |
Yes | 16 (2.18) | 110 (1.58) | 0.217 |