Skip to main content

Table 1 Sample characteristics and factors associated with antenatal depressive symptoms among women attending antenatal care (ANC) services in Southern Province in Rwanda

From: Antenatal depressive symptoms in rwanda: rates, risk factors, and social support

Sample and socio-demographic characteristics

Total

Depressive symptoms

(EPDS ≥ 12)

P-value

N (%)

N (%)

396 (100%)

105 (26.5%)

Age (Mean: 30.8; SD: 6.58)

 24 or less

95 (24)

28 (29.5)

0.354

 25–34

186 (47)

43 (23.1)

 35 or more

115 (29)

34 (29.6)

Marital status

 Single/separated/divorced/widow

65 (16.4)

32 (49.2)

 < 0.001

 Married

218 (55.1)

49 (22.5)

 

 Living together as spouses

113 (28.5)

24 (21.2)

 

Level of education

 No education

20 (5.1)

4 (20)

0.166

 Primary not completed

145 (36.6)

49(33.8)

 

 Primary completed

130 (32.8)

31 (23.8)

 

 High school not completed

52 (13.1)

14 (26.9)

 

 High school completed

29 (7.3)

5 (17.2)

 

 Vocational education

6 (1.5)

1(16.7)

 

 Tertiary

14 (3.5)

1 (7.1)

 

Women's occupation

 Farming/cultivating crops

306 (77.3)

79 (25.8)

0.465

 Employed

39 (9.8)

9 (23.1)

 

 Not employed

51 (12.9)

17 (33.3)

 

Socio-economic class (Ubudehe)

 First category (lowest)

47 (11.9)

22 (46.8)

0.010

 Second category

165 (41.7)

39 (23.6)

 

 Third category

181 (45.7)

43 (23.8)

 

 Missing

3 (0.8)

1 (33.3)

Â