Table 3 Potential risk factors for developing gestational diabetes (2-h OGTT > 140 mg/dL anytime during pregnancy) in enrolled women

Age (per 1 year)

1.13 (1.09 to 1.17); p < 0.001

1.10 (1.06 to 1.15); p < 0.001

Height (per 1 cm)

0.99 (0.97 to 1.00); p = 0.137

0.98 (0.96 to 1.00); p = 0.027

Schooling (per 1 year)

1.01 (0.98 to 1.03); p = 0.658

0.99 (0.96 to 1.02); p = 0.569

Working outside home

0.84 (0.50 to 1.40); p = 0.500

0.99 (0.57 to 1.72); p = 0.964

Nuclear family

1.01 (0.81 to 1.26); p = 0.953

0.97 (0.74 to 1.28); p = 0.837

Poorest

Reference

Reference

Very Poor

1.21 (0.83 to 1.78); p = 0.323

1.16 (0.76 to 1.80); p = 0.491

Poor

1.39 (0.97 to 1.99); p = 0.074

1.31 (0.86 to 2.01); p = 0.204

Less Poor

1.36 (0.95 to 1.94); p = 0.093

1.17 (0.75 to 1.81); p = 0.490

Least Poor

1.47 (1.04 to 2.07); p = 0.029

1.34 (0.87 to 2.07); p = 0.187

Non-Hindu religion

0.92 (0.69 to 1.21); p = 0.543

0.90 (0.65 to 1.24); p = 0.519

Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) (per 1 unit)

1.07 (1.05 to 1.10); p < 0.001

1.04 (1.01 to 1.07); p = 0.013

HbA1c (%) at pregnancy confirmation (per 1 percentage)

2.05 (1.47 to 2.87); p < 0.001

1.73 (1.23 to 2.44); p = 0.002