Fig. 4

The newly confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Tokyo and Kanagawa and the average sum scores for each factor of the EPDS and MIBS during twelve time periods from January 16, 2020, to December 31, 2020. Surveillance data of COVID-19 were obtained from the official website of the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (https://covid19.mhlw.go.jp/en/) [38]. Note: EPDS: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; MIBS: Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale; EPDS Anhedonia: the sum of the EPDS scores for Items 1 and 2; EPDS Anxiety: the sum of the EPDS scores for Items 3, 4, 5, and 6 scores; EPDS Depression: the sum of the EPDS scores for Items 7, 9, and 10; MIBS Lack of affection: the sum of the MIBS scores for Items 1, 6, 8, and 10; MIBS Anger and rejection: the sum of the MIBS scores for Items 2, 3, 5, and 7