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Table 5 Weighted OLS models predicting delivery in a more distant facilitya, overall and by country

From: Impact of the Salud Mesoamerica Initiative on delivery care choices in Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua

 

All

Guatemala

Honduras

Nicaragua

β

95% CI

β

95% CI

β

95% CI

β

95% CI

Round

 Baseline

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.474***

Ref.

 Follow-up

0.034

[−0.05, 0.11]

− 0.033

[− 0.21, 0.17]

0.017

[− 0.27, 0.06]

0.093*

[− 0.01, 0.2]

Arm

 Comparison

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

 Intervention

−0.512***

[− 0.67, − 0.35]

−0.311**

[− 0.61, − 0.01]

0.285***

[0.12, 0.45]

0.474***

[0.29, 0.66]

Follow-up x Intervention

−0.130**

[− 0.23, − 0.03]

−0.149

[− 0.39, 0.1]

−0.041

[− 0.22, 0.13]

−0.145**

[− 0.28, − 0.01]

Age

 15–24

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

 25–34

− 0.014

[− 0.05, 0.02]

− 0.023

[− 0.11, 0.06]

0.005

[− 0.04, 0.06]

−0.019

[− 0.08, 0.04]

 35–49

0.012

[−0.04, 0.07]

− 0.068

[− 0.17, 0.03]

0.079

[− 0.01, 0.15]

−0.025

[− 0.11, 0.06]

Primiparous

0.060***

[0.02, 0.1]

0.017

[−0.06, 0.1]

0.103***

[0.03, 0.15]

0.043

[−0.02, 0.1]

Area of residence

 Rural

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

 Urban

−0.020

[− 0.07, 0.03]

0.084*

[− 0.01, 0.18]

− 0.021

[− 0.14, 0.04]

−0.031

[− 0.09, 0.03]

Asset index

 Low

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

 Medium

−0.004

[− 0.04, 0.03]

− 0.005

[− 0.09, 0.08]

0.055**

[0, 0.11]

− 0.031

[− 0.07, 0.01]

 High

0.005

[− 0.05, 0.06]

− 0.013

[− 0.12, 0.09]

0.033

[− 0.04, 0.1]

− 0.011

[− 0.1, 0.08]

Languages spoken (Guatemala)

 Spanish only

0.000

Ref.

 Spanish multilingual

−0.077*

[− 0.16, 0.01]

 Indigenous only

0.055

[−0.2, 0.11]

Has attended school

0.026***

[0.01, 0.04]

0.080***

[0.03, 0.11]

0.046**

[0.01, 0.08]

0.006

[−0.02, 0.03]

Literacy

 Cannot read at all

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

 Able to read a portion

−0.019

[− 0.09, 0.05]

− 0.025

[− 0.15, 0.1]

0.069

[− 0.02, 0.16]

− 0.071

[− 0.17, 0.03]

 Able to read

− 0.042

[− 0.11, 0.03]

−0.041

[− 0.2, 0.12]

0.020

[− 0.06, 0.1]

−0.081*

[− 0.17, 0.01]

Marital status

 Single

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

 Married

0.042*

[0, 0.09]

0.094*

[−0.01, 0.2]

0.001

[−0.08, 0.08]

0.043

[−0.01, 0.1]

 Domestic partnership

0.006

[−0.04, 0.05]

0.074

[−0.02, 0.17]

− 0.013

[− 0.08, 0.05]

0.001

[− 0.05, 0.06]

 Other

−0.006

[− 0.07, 0.06]

0.257***

[0.13, 0.38]

−0.022

[− 0.16, 0.12]

− 0.035

[− 0.11, 0.04]

Housewife

− 0.047**

[− 0.09, − 0.01]

0.057

[− 0.05, 0.17]

− 0.050

[− 0.13, 0.03]

− 0.061**

[− 0.11, − 0.01]

Owns a car or scooter

0.010

[− 0.03, 0.05]

− 0.028

[− 0.11, 0.05]

0.022

[− 0.06, 0.11]

0.018

[− 0.03, 0.07]

Type of visit

 Planned delivery

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

 Emergency delivery

0.020

[−0.01, 0.05]

0.061

[−0.01, 0.13]

0.037

[−0.01, 0.09]

0.004

[− 0.04, 0.05]

Attended any antenatal care

0.033

[− 0.05, 0.12]

0.042

[−0.1, 0.18]

− 0.092

[− 0.26, 0.07]

0.061

[− 0.05, 0.17]

Counseled regarding facility delivery

−0.058*

[− 0.12, 0]

0.002

[− 0.11, 0.11]

− 0.036

[− 0.11, 0.04]

−0.047

[− 0.14, 0.05]

Advised to give birth in a facility

0.026

[−0.03, 0.08]

0.073

[−0.03, 0.18]

− 0.006

[− 0.09, 0.08]

0.014

[− 0.06, 0.09]

Informed should have a C-section

0.051**

[0.01, 0.1]

0.094*

[− 0.01, 0.19]

0.042

[−0.01, 0.1]

0.050

[− 0.02, 0.12]

Advised to create a transportation plan

0.021

[− 0.01, 0.06]

0.020

[− 0.05, 0.09]

−0.004

[− 0.05, 0.05]

0.044*

[0, 0.09]

Nearest facility type

 Basic

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

 Comprehensive

−0.024

[− 0.15, 0.11]

− 0.100

[− 0.34, 0.14]

−0.133

[− 0.31, 0.05]

−0.036

[− 0.12, 0.05]

Facility capacity score differenceb

0.183***

[0.13, 0.24]

0.150***

[0.09, 0.21]

0.163***

[0.11, 0.21]

0.236**

[0.05, 0.42]

Travel time to delivery facility

  < =30 min

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

0.000

Ref.

 31–60 min

0.095***

[0.05, 0.14]

0.421***

[0.32, 0.52]

0.147***

[0.06, 0.24]

0.020

[−0.03, 0.07]

 1–2 h

0.223***

[0.16, 0.29]

0.552***

[0.45, 0.65]

0.332***

[0.23, 0.43]

0.091*

[0, 0.18]

  > 2 h

0.346***

[0.27, 0.42]

0.706***

[0.55, 0.87]

0.500***

[0.41, 0.59]

0.172***

[0.07, 0.28]

Provides hospitalization services

0.119

[−0.07, 0.3]

0.026

[−0.22, 0.27]

0.004

[−0.26, 0.27]

Provides facilities for relativesc

−0.060

[− 0.18, 0.06]

0.113

[− 0.08, 0.3]

0.063

[− 0.08, 0.21]

− 0.022

[− 0.31, 0.27]

Country

 Guatemala

0.000

Ref.

 Honduras

−0.294**

[−0.53, − 0.06]

 Nicaragua

0.394***

[0.21, 0.58]

Observations

2804

558

1348

898

  1. * p < 0.1, ** p < 0.05, *** p < 0.01
  2. aWith fixed effects at the facility level
  3. bscore where delivery was attended minus score of the closest facility
  4. cIncludes accommodation or meals for relatives during hospital stay