Association of parental prepregnancy BMI with neonatal outcomes and birth defect in fresh embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective cohort study

Table 5 Associations between paternal prepregnancy BMI and birth defect of IVF singletons in logistic regression analyses

The subcategories of birth defect	BMI(kg/m²)		OR (95% CI) ^a	P value ^b	aOR (95% CI) ^c	P value ^b
The subcategories of birth defect	P<25 (n = 674)	P ≥ 25 (n = 314)	OR (95% CI) ^a	P value ^b	aOR (95% CI) ^c	P value ^b
Multiple birth defects	2(0.3)	1(0.3)	1.07(0.10,11.88)	0.954	0.62(0.04,10.12)	0.736
The nervous system	5(0.7)	3(1.0)	1.29(0.31,5.44)	0.728	1.38(0.32,5.99)	0.665
Eye, ear, face and neck	5(0.7)	6(1.9)	2.61(0.79,8.61)	0.116	2.73(0.82,9.16)	0.103
The circulatory system	11(1.6)	4(1.3)	0.78(0.25,2.46)	0.669	0.79(0.25,2.55)	0.697
The digestive system	3(0.4)	1(0.3)	0.72(0.07,6.90)	0.771	0.78(0.08,7.62)	0.831
The genital organs	2(0.3)	0	–	–	–	–
The urinary system	6(0.9)	1(0.3)	0.36(0.04,2.97)	0.340	0.45(0.05,3.84)	0.468
The musculoskeletal system	4(0.6)	8(2.5)	4.38(1.31,14.65)	0.017	4.55(1.32,15.71)	0.016
Chromosomal abnormalities	4(0.6)	2(0.6)	1.07(0.20,5.89)	0.935	1.03(0.18,5.90)	0.976
Other congenital malformations	3(0.4)	5(1.6)	3.62(0.86,15.24)	0.080	3.07(0.71,13.23)	0.132

Values are presented as frequency (percentage)
^a Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated from logistic regression models to reflect the association between paternal prepregnancy BMI and the subcategories of birth defect. Couples with paternal prepregnancy BMI < 25 kg/m² as reference group
^b P value is based on logistic regression analyses. Results in bold indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05)
^c aOR: Adjusted models are controlled for parental age, maternal prepregnancy BMI, type of infertility, duration of infertility, ovulatory dysfunction and endometriosis
BMI body mass index, IVF in vitro fertilization, P paternal prepregnancy BMI

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