Table 1 Characteristics of population and maternal outcomes
Group 1 (2672) | Group 2 (2325) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Maternal and pregnancy characteristics | |||
Age (years) | 30.05 (±5.21) | 30.12 (±5.15) | 0.604 |
Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 25.71 (±5.71) | 25.90 (±5.68) | 0.240 |
Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 39.29 (±1.68) | 39.25 (±1.69) | 0.403 |
Gravidity | 1.00 (0.00–2.00) | 1.00 (0.00–2.00) | 0.509 |
Parity | 1.00 (0.00–1.00) | 1.00 (0.00–1.00) | 0.376 |
Twins | 1.57% (42/2672) | 1.46% (34/2325) | 0.752 |
Previous CS | 16.65% (445/2672) | 17.38% (404/2325) | 0.498 |
Pre-pregnancy DM | 1.24% (33/2672) | 0.99% (23/2325) | 0.410 |
GDM | 7.41% (198/2672) | 7.70% (179/2325) | 0.700 |
PRHDs | 4.83% (129/2672) | 4.43% (103/2325) | 0.505 |
Placenta previa | 0.60% (16/2672) | 0.43% (10/2325) | 0.408 |
Labor characteristics and maternal outcomes | |||
Labor induction | 25.49% (681/2672) | 25.46% (592/2325) | 0.984 |
Labor augmentation | 21.26% (568/2672) | 22.19% (516/2325) | 0.423 |
Mode of delivery | |||
Vaginal delivery | 57.37% (1533/2672) | 65.59% (1525/2325) | < 0.01 |
Operative vaginal delivery | 9.58% (256/2672) | 8.34% (194/2325) | 0.128 |
Cesarean section | 33.05% (883/2672) | 26.06% (606/2325) | < 0.01 |
Primary CS | 13.59% (363/2672) | 11.96% (278/2325) | 0.086 |
Secondary CS | 19.46% (520/2672) | 14.11% (328/2325) | < 0.01 |
Emergency CS | 1.76% (47/2672) | 1.42% (33/2325) | 0.340 |
Duration of CS | 40.35 (±14.31) | 40.11 (±12.71) | 0.737 |
Hospitalization in CS subgroup (days) | 5.22 (±2.49) | 4.82 (±2.13) | < 0.01 |
Hospitalization in all (days) | 3.98 (±2.18) | 3.57 (±1.86) | < 0.01 |
Episiotomy | 20.13% (538/2672) | 16.09% (374/2325) | < 0.01 |
Perineal tears | |||
1st-degree | 11.26% (301/2672) | 12.90% (300/2325) | 0.076 |
2nd-degree | 11.86% (317/2672) | 13.42% (312/2325) | 0.098 |
3rd-degree | 0.97% (26/2672) | 2.24% (52/2325) | < 0.01 |
4th-degree | 0.11% (3/2672) | 0.04% (1/2325) | 0.628 |
PPH | 2.10% (56/2672) | 1.38% (32/2325) | 0.054 |
Hysterectomy | 0.11% (3/2672) | 0.04% (1/2325) | 0.388 |
Fever | 0.11% (3/2672) | 0.09% (2/2325) | 0.770 |
Pulmonary embolism | 0.07% (2/2672) | 0.04% (1/2325) | 0.647 |
Hematoma | 0.45% (12/2672) | 0.34% (8/2325) | 0.558 |
Post-operative complications | 0.82% (22/2672) | 0.69% (16/2325) | 0.583 |
Other complications | 0.34% (9/2672) | 0.34% (8/2325) | 0.965 |
Maternal composite outcome a | 3.63% (97/2672) | 4.04% (94/2325) | 0.448 |