Table 1 Patient characteristics and demographics

Maternal age (years)

33.65 ± 5.79

32.57 ± 5.67

0.465

BMI (kg/m²)

21.64 ± 3.04

22.34 ± 4.72

0.488

Amenorrhea (days)

45.90 ± 9.35

49.63 ± 12.08

0.182

Serum β-hCG before UAE (× 10⁴ IU/L)

5.46 ± 6.04

4.71 ± 4.56

0.599

Leukocytes before UAE (× 10⁹/L)

7.61 ± 2.07

7.28 ± 1.74

0.502

Hemoglobin before UAE (g/L)^d

119.40 ± 12.28

122.89 ± 10.97

0.260

D-dimer before UAE (mg/L)^d

0.39 ± 0.45

0.67 ± 1.36

0.344

CRP before UAE (mg/L)^d

2.88 ± 2.10

2.59 ± 1.35

0.748

Preoperative gestational sac diameter (cm)

2.65 ± 0.95

2.48 ± 1.15

0.553

Preoperative ultrasound mass (cm)

2.68 ± 0.87

3.07 ± 0.96

0.103

Preoperative fetal pole (mm)

3.11 ± 3.76

3.91 ± 5.89

0.534

Preoperative fetal cardiac activity [n (%)]

14.00 (45.16)

12.00 (40.00)

0.684^c

Gravidity [times, median (range)]

3.00 (1.00–11.00)

3.00 (1.00–7.00)

0.380^b

Term birth [times, median (range)]

1.00 (0–2.00)

1.00 (0–2.00)

0.475^b

Preterm birth [times, median (range)]

0 (0–1.00)

0 (0–1.00)

0.329^b

Abortion [times, median (range)]

2.00 (0–9.00)

2.00 (0–6.00)

0.526^b

Live birth [times, median (range)]

1.00 (1.00–2.00)

1.00 (1.00–2.00)

0.307^b

CS [times, median (range)]

1.00 (1.00–2.00)

1.00 (1.00–2.00)

0.393^b

Interval between CS and CSP (years)

7.03 ± 5.15

6.00 ± 4.45

0.469^b

CSP type [n (type I/II/III)]

13/15/3

16/11/3

0.616^c