Table 2 Maternal and fetal variables and their association with mode of delivery in induction of labour in multiparous and nulliparous women
Variables | Multiparous (N = 276) | Nulliparous (N = 254) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | VD (%) | CS (%) | p-value a | Frequency | VD (%) | CS (%) | p-value a | |
Previous miscarriage | 116 | 93 (80.2) | 23 (19.8) | 0.43 | 40 | 15 (37.5) | 25 (62.5) | 0.59 |
Previous preterm delivery | 14 | 13 (92.9) | 1 (7.1) | 0.29 | NA | |||
Previous IOL | 125 | 103 (82.4) | 22 (17.6) | 0.83 | NA | |||
Rupture (confirmed) of the membranes at time of induction | ||||||||
• All cases with ruptured membranes | 18 | 17 (94.4) | 1 (5.6) | 0.16 | 30 | 15 (50) | 15 (50) | 0.31 |
• PROM | 14 | 14 (100) | 0 (0) | 0.08 | 19 | 11 (57.9) | 8 (42.1) | 0.22 |
• PPROM | 4 | 3 (75) | 1 (25) | 0.77 | 11 | 4 (36.4) | 7 (63.6) | 0.22 |
Membranes sweeping in the last 7 days | 67 | 55 (82.1) | 12 (17.9) | 0.87 | 41 | 20 (48.8) | 21 (51.2) | 0.26 |
Method of induction used | ||||||||
• Propess | 45 | 36 (80) | 9 (20) | 0.10 | 22 | 11 (50) | 11 (50) | 0.33 |
• PGE2 tablet | 230 | 191 (83) | 39 (17) | 231 | 93 (40.3) | 138 (59.7) | ||
• Propess + PGE2 table | 1 | 0 (0) | 1 (100) | 1 | 1 (100) | 0 (0) | ||
Blood group | ||||||||
• A | 101 | 84 (83.2) | 17 (16.8) | 0.51 | 99 | 35 (35.4) | 64 (64.6) | 0.33 |
• AB | 18 | 17 (94.4) | 1 (5.6) | 14 | 9 (64.3) | 5 (35.7) | ||
• B | 47 | 38 (80.9) | 9 (19.1) | 43 | 20 (46.5) | 23 (53.5) | ||
• O | 110 | 88 (80.0) | 22 (20.0) | 98 | 41 (41.8) | 57 (58.2) | ||
Indication for IOL | ||||||||
• Postdate | 64 | 54 (84.4) | 10 (15.6) | 0.32 | 60 | 25 (41.7) | 35 (58.3) | 0.51c |
• Rupture of membranes (confirmed & suspected) | 52 | 46 (88.5) | 6 (11.5) | 60 | 27 (45.0) | 33 (55.0) | ||
• Reduced liquor | 35 | 30 (85.7) | 5 (14.3) | 42 | 15 (35.7) | 27 (64.3) | ||
• Reduced fetal movement | 37 | 27 (73.0) | 10 (27.0) | 35 | 13 (37.1) | 22 (62.9) | ||
• SGA / IUGR | 13 | 8 (61.5) | 5 (38.5) | 17 | 8 (47.1) | 9 (52.9) | ||
• Hypertension | 14 | 12 (85.7) | 2 (14.3) | 14 | 8 (57.1) | 6 (42.9) | ||
• Thrombophilia | 13 | 11 (84.6) | 2 (15.4) | 5 | 2 (40.0) | 3 (60.0) | ||
• GDM / DM | 19 | 14 (73.7) | 5 (26.3) | 12 | 4 (33.3) | 8 (66.7) | ||
• Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy | 6 | 6 (100) | 0 (0) | 6 | 0 (0) | 6 (100) | ||
• Antepartum haemorrhage | 3 | 3 (100) | 0 (0) | 1 | 1 (100) | 0 (0) | ||
• Others (e.g., maternal request, unstable lie, etc.) | 20 | 16 (80) | 4 (20) | 2 | 1 (50) | 1 (50) | ||
Neonate gender | ||||||||
• Male | 131 | 110 (84) | 21 (16) | 0.55 | 115 | 46 (40.0) | 69 (60.0) | 0.59 |
• Female | 145 | 117 (80.7) | 28 (19.3) | 139 | 58 (42.4) | 80 (57.6) | ||
Variables | Mean ± SE | |||||||
VD | CS | p- valueb | VD | CS | p- valueb | |||
Age (years) | 32 ± 0.33 | 33.3 ± 0.85 | 0.15 | 25.53 ± 0.38 | 26.23 ± 0.32 | 0.17 | ||
Bishop score | 3.97 ± 0.07 | 3.59 ± 0.16 | 0.033 | 3.47 ± 0.12 | 3.06 ± 0.10 | 0.01 | ||
Interval between last pregnancy and current pregnancy (months) | 40.07 ± 1.77 | 50.57 ± 5.72 | 0.09 | NA | ||||
Hemoglobin at time of IOL (g/dl) | 11.06 ± 0.08 | 11.05 ± 0.17 | 0.93 | 11.5 ± 0.127 | 11.7 ± 0.08 | 0.19 | ||
Mother height (cm) | 162.40 ± 0.35 | 162.86 ± 0.76 | 0.67 | 161.80 ± 0.57 | 161.9 ± 0.52 | 0.87 | ||
Mother weight at time of IOL (kg) | 79.7 ± 0.75 | 86.04 ± 2.24 | 0.01 | 77.85 ± 1.3 | 78.7 ± 1.1 | 0.61 | ||
Mother BMI at time of IOL (kg/m2) | 30.2 ± 0.28 | 32.36 ± 0.73 | 0.009 | 29.68 ± 0.45 | 30.02 ± 0.38 | 0.56 | ||
Gestational age of the fetus (weeks) | 40.48 ± 1.6 | 38.67 ± 0.25 | 0.60 | 38.94 ± 0.16 | 38.56 ± 0.15 | 0.09 | ||
Neonate weight (kg) | 3.17 ± 0.03 | 3.16 ± 0.08 | 0.96 | 3.07 ± 0.04 | 3.02 ± 0.04 | 0.35 | ||