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Table 2 Comparison of singleton pregnancy characteristics between groups identified from the birth register and postnatal ward sample (percentages exclude unknown cases)

From: Identification of factors associated with stillbirth in Zimbabwe – a cross sectional study

 

Birth Register

Post-natal Ward

Livebirth

Stillbirth

CC OR (95% CI)

p-value

Livebirth

Stillbirth

CC OR (95% CI)

p-value

N = 1746

N = 39

N = 1691

N = 43

Mother’s age in years

 Mean (SD)

26.0 (6.5)

27.6 (6.8)

1.04 (0.99–1.08)

0.16

26.8 (6.6)

28.0 (7.1)

1.03 (0.98–1.07)

0.23

 Unknown

16

2

  

0

0

  

Nulliparous

 No

1093 (63%)

27 (73%)

1

 

1090 (64%)

41 (95%)

1

 

 Yes

643 (37%)

10 (27%)

0.63 (0.29–1.27)

0.22

601 (36%)

2 (5%)

0.09 (0.01–0.29)

< 0.001

 Unknown

10

2

  

0

0

  

Gravida

 1–2

1099 (63%)

18 (49%)

1

 

1036 (61%)

22 (51%)

1

 

 3–4

523 (30%)

15 (41%)

1.75 (0.86–3.50)

0.11

527 (31%)

17 (40%)

1.52 (0.79–2.88)

0.20

 5 +

113 (7%)

4 (11%)

2.16 (0.62–5.91)

0.17

128 (8%)

4 (9%)

1.47 (0.43–3.92)

0.48

 Unknown

11

2

  

0

0

  

Any antenatal care

 No

176 (10%)

6 (17%)

1

 

110 (7%)

10 (23%)

1

 

 Yes

1536 (90%)

30 (83%)

0.57 (0.25–1.54)

0.22

1581 (93%)

33 (77%)

0.23 (0.11–0.50)

< 0.001

 Unknown

34

3

  

0

0

  

HIV status

 Negative

1403 (83%)

31 (91%)

1

 

1395 (83%)

33 (80%)

1

 

 Positive

296 (17%)

3 (9%)

0.46 (0.11–1.30)

0.20

286 (17%)

8 (20%)

1.18 (0.50–2.46)

0.68

 Unknown

47

5

  

10

2

  

Tetanus vaccination

 No

76 (4%)

7 (19%)

1

 

48 (3%)

5 (15%)

1

 

 Yes

1635 (96%)

29 (81%)

0.19 (0.09–0.49)

< 0.001

1506 (97%)

28 (85%)

0.18 (0.07–0.54)

< 0.001

 Unknown

35

3

  

137

10

  

History of stillbirth

 No

1722 (99%)

34 (87%)

1

 

1662 (98%)

4 (9%)

1

 

 Yes

14 (1%)

5 (13%)

18.09 (5.60–50.34)

< 0.001

29 (2%)

39 (91%)

558.8 (208.7–1955.8)

< 0.001

 Unknown

10

0

  

0

0

  

Caesarean-section delivery

 No

1195 (68%)

28 (72%)

1

 

1211 (72%)

28 (65%)

1

 

 Yes

551 (32%)

11 (28%)

0.85 (0.40–1.68)

0.66

480 (28%)

15 (35%)

1.35 (0.70–2.52)

0.35

Gestational age at birth in weeks

 Mean (SD)

38.6 (2.1)

35.1 (3.8)

0.71 (0.64–0.79)

< 0.001

38.6 (2.2)

35.4 (3.6)

0.70 (0.64–0.78)

< 0.001

 Unknown

324

11

  

168

8

  
  1. CC Complete case, OR Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Interval, SD Standard Deviation