From: Place of birth and outcomes associated with large volume transfusion: an observational study
Total N (Col %) | No transfusion N (Col %) | 1-3 Units N (Col %) | 4 or more units N (Col %) | p-value* | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (Row %) | 231603 (100.0) | 227294 (98.1) | 3298 (1.4) | 1011 (0.4) | ||
Hospital level | 1-3 | 20070 ( 8.7) | 19594 ( 8.6) | 354 ( 10.7) | 122 ( 12.1) | <.001 |
4-5 | 97022 ( 41.9) | 95285 ( 41.9) | 1372 ( 41.6) | 365 ( 36.1) | ||
Tertiary | 114511 ( 49.4) | 112415 ( 49.5) | 1572 ( 47.7) | 524 ( 51.8) | ||
Total non-tertiary | 117092 ( 50.6) | 114879 ( 50.5) | 1726 ( 52.3) | 487 ( 48.2) | ||
Hospital location | Urban | 193665 ( 83.6) | 190225 ( 83.7) | 2626 ( 79.6) | 814 ( 80.5) | <.001 |
Regional | 37938 ( 16.4) | 37069 ( 16.3) | 672 ( 20.4) | 197 ( 19.5) | ||
Birth volume | <500 | 7873 ( 3.4) | 7572 ( 3.3) | 237 ( 7.2) | 64 ( 6.3) | <.001 |
500-999 | 13800 ( 6.0) | 13527 ( 6.0) | 197 ( 6.0) | 76 ( 7.5) | ||
1000+ | 209930 ( 90.6) | 206195 ( 90.7) | 2864 ( 86.8) | 871 ( 86.2) | ||
Maternal age | <20 years | 9290 ( 4.0) | 9044 ( 4.0) | 200 ( 6.1) | 46 ( 4.5) | <.001 |
20-24 | 37999 ( 16.4) | 37274 ( 16.4) | 593 ( 18.0) | 132 ( 13.1) | ||
25-29 | 67242 ( 29.0) | 66075 ( 29.1) | 911 ( 27.6) | 256 ( 25.3) | ||
30-34 | 68556 ( 29.6) | 67341 ( 29.6) | 936 ( 28.4) | 279 ( 27.6) | ||
35+ | 48516 ( 20.9) | 47560 ( 20.9) | 658 ( 20.0) | 298 ( 29.5) | ||
Maternal country of birth | Australia/NZ | 147844 ( 63.8) | 145071 ( 63.8) | 2141 ( 64.9) | 632 ( 62.5) | <.001 |
NE/SE/South Asia | 41967 ( 18.1) | 41077 ( 18.1) | 673 ( 20.4) | 217 ( 21.5) | ||
Other | 40923 ( 17.7) | 40288 ( 17.7) | 476 ( 14.4) | 159 ( 15.7) | ||
Smoking during pregnancy | 33013 ( 14.3) | 32346 ( 14.2) | 497 ( 15.1) | 170 ( 16.8) | 0.03 | |
Previous uterine surgery (5 years) | 376 ( 0.2) | 359 ( 0.2) | 9 ( 0.3) | 8 ( 0.8) | <.001 | |
Uterine fibroids (1 year) | 313 ( 0.1) | 297 ( 0.1) | 9 ( 0.3) | 7 ( 0.7) | <.001 | |
Pre-existing diabetes | 1567 ( 0.7) | 1532 ( 0.7) | 21 ( 0.6) | 14 ( 1.4) | 0.02 | |
Chronic hypertension | 2121 ( 0.9) | 2065 ( 0.9) | 42 ( 1.3) | 14 ( 1.4) | 0.03 | |
Chronic Conditions | 3695 ( 1.6) | 3517 ( 1.5) | 115 ( 3.5) | 63 ( 6.2) | <.001 | |
Previous CS | 30065 ( 13.0) | 29436 ( 13.0) | 433 ( 13.1) | 196 ( 19.4) | <.001 | |
Parity | Primiparous | 98589 ( 42.6) | 96394 ( 42.4) | 1750 ( 53.1) | 445 ( 44.0) | <.001 |
1-4 previous births | 130740 ( 56.5) | 128691 ( 56.6) | 1508 ( 45.7) | 541 ( 53.5) | ||
5+ | 2274 ( 1.0) | 2209 ( 1.0) | 40 ( 1.2) | 25 ( 2.5) | ||
Previous PPH | 18013 ( 7.8) | 16287 ( 7.2) | 1283 ( 38.9) | 443 ( 43.8) | <.001 | |
Multiple pregnancy | 3957 ( 1.7) | 3766 ( 1.7) | 142 ( 4.3) | 49 ( 4.8) | <.001 | |
Assisted Reproductive Technology | 3484 ( 1.5) | 3365 ( 1.5) | 77 ( 2.3) | 42 ( 4.2) | <.001 | |
Placenta Praevia | 2059 ( 0.9) | 1746 ( 0.8) | 189 ( 5.7) | 124 ( 12.3) | <.001 | |
Morbidly Adherent Placenta | 442 ( 0.2) | 228 ( 0.1) | 109 ( 3.3) | 105 ( 10.4) | <.001 | |
Pregnancy Hypertension | 16993 ( 7.3) | 16384 ( 7.2) | 471 ( 14.3) | 138 ( 13.6) | <.001 | |
Gestational Diabetes | 16641 ( 7.2) | 16319 ( 7.2) | 241 ( 7.3) | 81 ( 8.0) | 0.57 | |
Cephalic presentation | 221431 ( 95.6) | 217373 ( 95.6) | 3124 ( 94.7) | 934 ( 92.4) | <.001 | |
Induction | 60482 ( 26.1) | 58998 ( 26.0) | 1164 ( 35.3) | 320 ( 31.7) | <.001 | |
Pre-labour Caesarean | 33755 ( 14.6) | 32988 ( 14.5) | 511 ( 15.5) | 256 ( 25.3) | <.001 | |
Abruption | 1029 ( 0.4) | 857 ( 0.4) | 111 ( 3.4) | 61 ( 6.0) | <.001 | |
Gestational age | 20-32 | 5354 ( 2.3) | 5084 ( 2.2) | 191 ( 5.8) | 79 ( 7.8) | <.001 |
33-36 | 12653 ( 5.5) | 12257 ( 5.4) | 258 ( 7.8) | 138 ( 13.6) | ||
37+ | 213555 ( 92.2) | 209912 ( 92.4) | 2849 ( 86.4) | 794 ( 78.5) | ||
Large for gestational age (>90th centile) | 24187 ( 10.4) | 23526 ( 10.4) | 521 ( 15.8) | 140 ( 13.8) | <.001 |