Table 1 Characteristics of women stratified by gestational weight gain category^a

Gestational Weight Gain (kilograms)*

8.5±2.01

13.3±1.3

18.8±2.3†‡

<0.001*

Pre-pregnancy BMI*

21.2±1.5

22.0±1.7

23.0±1.5‡

0.035*

Age (years)

26.7±6.6

31.6±3.8

29.8±3.7

0.082

Gestation Age at Study Visit (weeks)

34.5±2.7

34.5±1.7

34.3±1.6

0.977

Gestation Age at Delivery (weeks)

40.6±1.2

39.7±1.1

39.3±1.2

0.079

Percent Body Fat at Study Visit (%)^b*

19.4±5.1

19.4±3.4

23.2±3.2†‡

0.033*

Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)*

112.4±11.2

116.3±13.3

117.8±14.6

0.705

Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)

69.1±7.8

70.9±13.0

74.3±8.0

0.564

Parity^c

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

0.201

    Primiparous

6 (86%)

7 (50%)

5 (55%)

    Multiparous

13 (14%)

7 (50%)

6 (45%)

Ethnicity^c

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

0.515

    Caucasian

9 (100%)

13 (93%)

11 (100%)

     Hispanic

0   (0%)

1  (7%)

0  (0%)

Education^c

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

0.147

    High School Graduate

2 (29%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

    Trade School

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

1 (9%)

    College Graduate

2 (29%)

6 (43%)

4 (36%)

    Post- Graduate Degree

3 (42%)

8 (57%)

6 (55%)

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

290.2±48.7

257.4±40.8

255.6±28.5

0.176

LDL (mg/dL)^b

184.2±48.5

145.8±39.2

135.5±35.2

0.064

HDL (mg/dL)

61.1±19.4

76.8±22.2

71.4±23.3

0.365

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

225.2±78.3

173.8±50.7

231.5±85.4

0.107

Free Fatty Acids(meq/L)

0.48±0.12

0.38±0.14

0.42±0.13

0.283

Insulin (uU/mL)

9.5±4.9

9.3±4.6

8.8±3.4

0.943

Glucose (mg/dL)

77.5±7.4

81.7±6.1

80.5±8.3

0.496

HOMA-IR

1.8±1.0

1.9±1.0

1.8±0.8

0.967