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Table 5 Effect of GWG among women of different pre-pregnancy BMI and fetal sex on GDM development defined by IADPSG criteria

From: Comparative epidemiology of gestational diabetes in ethnic Chinese from Shanghai birth cohort and growing up in Singapore towards healthy outcomes cohort

GDM

Shanghai Birth cohort

Unadjusted

GUSTO Birth Cohort

Unadjusted

Shanghai Birth cohort

Adjusted

GUSTO Birth Cohort

Adjusted

P-value*

OR (95 % CI)

P-value

OR (95 % CI)

P-value

OR (95 % CI)

P-value

OR (95 % CI)

P-value

Maternal age

1.1(1.0-1.2)

0.002

1.08(1.03–1.14)

0.004

1.1(1.0-1.2)

0.030

1.06(0.99–1.12)

0.099

1.000

GWG at early pregnancy (z score)

1.0(0.8–1.3)

0.690

1.1(0.9–1.5)

0.277

1.1(0.7–1.7)

0.722

1.1(0.7–1.8)

0.611

1.000

Pre-pregnancy BMI

         

< 18.5

0.82(0.40–1.67)

0.579

0.58(0.22–1.53)

0.274

1.0(0.4–2.3)

0.972

0.69(0.25–1.89)

0.471

0.650

≥ 18.5 to < 23

1.0

 

1.0

 

1.0

 

1.0

  

≥ 23 to < 27.5

2.5(1.5-4.0)

< 0.001

1.5(0.8–2.8)

0.190

2.5(1.4–4.4)

0.002

1.3(0.7–2.6)

0.415

0.007

≥ 27.5

3.7(1.7-8.0)

0.001

4.3(2.0-9.1)

< 0.001

3.6(1.3–9.6)

0.011

3.8(1.7–8.8)

0.001

0.762

Alcohol consumption

5.8(0.4–93.9)

0.214

0.85(0.19–3.72)

0.824

11.8(0.7-196.4)

0.086

1.1(0.2–4.9)

0.939

< 0.001

Family history of diabetes

2.3(1.3–4.3)

0.008

1.3(0.7–2.2)

0.388

1.8(0.9–3.6)

0.081

0.67(0.34–1.32)

0.247

0.022

Family history of hypertension

1.5(1.0-2.3)

0.077

1.1(0.7–1.8)

0.649

1.4(0.8–2.3)

0.250

0.91(0.52–1.60)

0.746

0.213

Current or ever smoker

0.94(0.27–3.25)

0.928

0.70(0.27–1.80)

0.456

1.9(0.5–7.9)

0.373

0.87(0.31–2.44)

0.793

0.241

Parous

1.2(0.7–2.3)

0.519

1.3(0.8–2.2)

0.225

0.68(0.29–1.58)

0.365

0.93(0.53–1.65)

0.810

0.631

History of GDM in previous pregnancy

12.2(1.1-135.3)

0.042

8.3(3.3–20.7)

< 0.001

2.4(0.1–44.6)

0.552

8.3(2.8–24.4)

< 0.001

< 0.001

Male fetus

0.97(0.63–1.49)

0.873

1.0(0.6–1.6)

0.988

0.94(0.56–1.58)

0.822

0.82(0.48–1.42)

0.480

0.754

  1. Adjusted for maternal age, GWG at early pregnancy, pre-pregnancy BMI group, alcohol consumption, family history of diabetes, family history of hypertension, smoking status, parity, history of GDM in previous pregnancy, fetal sex
  2. In the adjusted model, 74.4 % of SBC subjects (546 out of 734) were used while 82.9 % of GUSTO subjects (561 out of 677) were used
  3. *P value refers to the difference between cohorts in the adjusted model
  4. Interaction between GWG and pre pregnancy BMI group and fetal sex was included in the model but not significant
  5. Overall interaction for GWG and pre pregnancy BMI group: p = 0.379 for SBC, p = 0.729 for GUSTO
  6. Interaction for GWG and fetal sex: p = 0.798 for SBC, p = 0.582 for GUSTO
  7. Supplementary Information
  8. Additional file 1. Supplementary tables
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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

ISSN: 1471-2393

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