Comparative epidemiology of gestational diabetes in ethnic Chinese from Shanghai birth cohort and growing up in Singapore towards healthy outcomes cohort

Table 4 Associations between risk factors and GDM defined by IADPSG criteria in SBC and GUSTO cohort

GDM	Shanghai Birth cohort Unadjusted		GUSTO Birth Cohort Unadjusted		Shanghai Birth cohort Adjusted		GUSTO Birth Cohort Adjusted		P-value*
GDM	OR (95 % CI)	P-value	OR (95 % CI)	P-value	OR (95 % CI)	P- value	OR (95 % CI)	P- value	P-value*
Maternal age	1.1(1.0-1.2)	0.002	1.08(1.03–1.14)	0.004	1.1(1.0-1.2)	0.046	1.06(1.00-1.13)	0.064	1.000
Pre-pregnancy BMI	1.14(1.07–1.21)	< 0.001	1.13(1.06–1.21)	< 0.001	1.14(1.05–1.23)	0.001	1.1(1.0-1.2)	0.006	1.000
GWG at early pregnancy (z score)
<-1	1.0		1.0		1.0		1.0
-1 to 1	1.0(0.5-2.0)	0.998	1.2(0.5–2.8)	0.662	1.4(0.6–3.5)	0.403	1.2(0.5–2.8)	0.727	0.750
> 1	1.6(0.7–3.6)	0.260	1.4(0.5–3.8)	0.529	2.1(0.8–5.6)	0.159	1.3(0.5–3.8)	0.616	0.265
Alcohol consumption	5.8(0.4–93.9)	0.214	0.85(0.19–3.72)	0.824	12.0(0.7–198.0)	0.083	0.99(0.22–4.55)	0.988	< 0.001
Family history of diabetes	2.3(1.3–4.3)	0.008	1.3(0.7–2.2)	0.388	1.8(0.9–3.6)	0.089	0.67(0.35–1.30)	0.240	0.020
Family history of hypertension	1.5(1.0-2.3)	0.077	1.1(0.7–1.8)	0.649	1.4(0.8–2.3)	0.262	0.88(0.51–1.54)	0.661	0.182
Current or ever smoker	0.94(0.27–3.25)	0.928	0.70(0.27–1.80)	0.456	1.6(0.4–6.3)	0.507	0.87(0.31–2.42)	0.783	0.405
Parous	1.2(0.7–2.3)	0.519	1.3(0.8–2.2)	0.225	0.75(0.33–1.72)	0.502	0.90(0.52–1.58)	0.717	0.768
History of GDM in previous pregnancy	12.2(1.1-135.3)	0.042	8.3(3.3–20.7)	< 0.001	2.5(0.2–42.7)	0.520	7.7(2.6–22.4)	< 0.001	< 0.001
Male fetus	0.97(0.63–1.49)	0.873	1.0(0.6–1.6)	0.988	1.0(0.6–1.6)	0.862	0.83(0.49–1.41)	0.496	0.644

Adjusted for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG at early pregnancy (z score), alcohol consumption, family history of diabetes, family history of hypertension, smoking status, parity, history of GDM in previous pregnancy, fetal sex
In the adjusted model, 74.4 % of SBC subjects (546 out of 734) were used, and 82.9 % of GUSTO subjects (561 out of 677) were used
*P value for the difference between the two cohorts in the adjusted model

ISSN: 1471-2393