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Table 3 Detailed results of sign—quality assessment for cohort studies

From: Are birth outcomes in low risk birth cohorts related to hospital birth volumes? A systematic review

Item

Description

Finnstrom et al. 2006 [27]

Friedman et al. 2016 [28]

Heller et al. 2002 [29]

Hemminki et al. 2011 [30]

Joyce et al. 2004 [31]

Karalis et al. 2017 [32]

Moster et al. 2001 [33]

Pyykonen et al. 2014 [34]

Snowden et al. 2012 [35]

Tracy et al. 2006 [36]

de Graaf et al. 2010 [38]

Restrepo et al. 2018 [39]

Aubrey-brassler et al. 2019[37]

1.1

appropriate and clearly focused question

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

1.2

illustrated comparability between studied groups

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

1.3

number of asked people (prospective studies)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

1.4

Likelihood that some eligible subjects might have the outcome at the time of enrolment is assessed and taken into account in the analysis

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

1.5

Drop-Out rate (prospective studies)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

1.6

Comparison between full and lost-to-follow-up participants (prospective studies)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

1.7

Clearly defined outcomes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

1.8

Assessment of outcome blinded to exposure status

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

1.9

When blinding impossible, recognition that knowledge of exposure status could have influenced assessment

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

1.10

reliable measurement of exposure

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

1.11

from other sources is used to demonstrate that the method of outcome assessment is valid and reliable (clearly defined primary outcomes)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

1.12

Exposure level or prognostic factor is assessed more than once (prospective studies)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

1.13

confounders identifed and adequately taken into account for analysis

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

1.14

confidence intervals provided

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

2.1

Overall rating

Acceptable

Acceptable

Acceptable

Acceptable

Acceptable

Acceptable

Unacceptable

Acceptable

Acceptable

Acceptable

Acceptable

Acceptable

Acceptable

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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

ISSN: 1471-2393

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