Table 1 Maternal TB and pregnancy characteristics at start of TB treatment by HIV status (n = 35)
Total | HIV Negative (n = 11) | HIV Positive (n = 24) | p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
Age, Med (IQR) | 30.0 (25.0–31.0) | 27.0 (24.0–35.0) | 30.1 (28.0–35.0) | |
18–29 | 16 (45.7) | 7 (43.8) | 9 (56.2) | 0.150 |
≥ 30 | 19 (54.3) | 4 (21.1) | 15 (78.9) | |
Marital status | ||||
In a relationship/married | 7 (20.0) | 4 (36.4) | 3 (12.5) | 0.082 |
Single, not in a relationship | 19 (54.3) | 3 (27.3) | 16 (66.7) | |
Missing | 9 (25.7) | 4 (36.4) | 5 (20.8) | |
Employment | ||||
Employed | 9 (25.7) | 2 (18.2) | 7 (27.2) | 0.442 |
Unemployed | 21 (60.0) | 6 (54.5) | 15 (62.5) | |
Missing | 5 (14.3) | 3 (27.3) | 2 (8.3) | |
Highest education level | ||||
Less than Grade 12 | 9 (25.7) | 3 (27.3) | 6 (25.0) | 0.367 |
Grade 12 and above | 8 (22.9) | 4 (36.4) | 4 (16.7) | |
Missing | 18 (51.4) | 4 (36.4) | 14 (58.3) | |
Nationality | ||||
South African | 30 (85.7) | 8 (72.7) | 22 (91.7) | 0.200 |
Non-South African | 2 (5.7) | 1 (9.1) | 1 (4.2) | |
Missing | 3 (8.6) | 2 (18.2) | 1 (4.2) | |
Year of MDR/RR-TB treatment registration | ||||
2010–2011 | 8 (22.9) | 2 (18.2) | 6 (25.0) | 0.578 |
2012–2013 | 16 (45.7) | 4 (36.4) | 12 (50.0) | |
2014–2016 | 11 (31.4) | 5 (45.5) | 6 (25.0) | |
DR-TB treatment site type | ||||
Centralized site | 12 (34.3) | 3 (27.3) | 9 (37.5) | 0.554 |
Decentralized site | 23 (65.7) | 8 (72.73) | 15 (62.5) | |
Baseline CD4, cells/mm3Med (IQR) | - | - | 145 (51–301) | - |
< 50 | - | - | 4 (16.7) | - |
51–250 | - | - | 9 (37.5) | - |
> 250 | - | - | 6 (25.0) | - |
Missing | - | - | 5 (20.8) | - |
ART status | ||||
On ART | - | - | 20 (83.3) | - |
ART status unknown | - | - | 4 (16.7) | - |
HIV positive on ART before TB treatment | ||||
Yes | - | - | 12 (60.0) | - |
No | - | - | 6 (30.0) | - |
Unknown | 2 (10.0) | - | ||
ART regimen | ||||
FDC (TDF + 3TC/FTC + EFV/NVP) | - | - | 9 (45.0) | - |
d4T/AZT-3TC-EFV/NVP | - | - | 9 (45.0) | - |
d4T-3TC-LPV/r | - | - | 1 (5.0) | - |
TDF-3TC-LPV/r | - | - | 1 (5.0) | - |
Patient category | ||||
New | 19 (54.3) | 6 (54.5) | 13 (54.2) | 0.419 |
Previously treated | 13 (37.1) | 3 (27.3) | 10 (41.7) | |
Unknown | 3 (8.6) | 2 (18.2) | 1 (4.2) | |
Previously treated TB resistance profile | ||||
RR-TB | 2 (15.4) | - | 2 (20.0) | 1.000 |
MDR-TB | 6 (46.2) | 2 (66.7) | 4 (40.0) | |
Missing | 5 (38.5) | 1 (33.3) | 4 (40.0) | |
Previously treated TB treatment outcomes | ||||
Completed | 6 (46.2) | - | 6 (60.0) | 0.031 |
Cured | 2 (15.4) | - | 2 (20.0) | |
Treatment failure | 4 (30.8) | 3 (100.0) | 1 (10.0) | |
Unknown | 1 (7.7) | - | 1 (10.0) | |
TB disease type | ||||
PTB | 22 (62.9) | 9 (81.8) | 13 (54.2) | 0.452 |
EPTB | 9 (25.7) | 2 (18.2) | 7 (29.2) | |
Both PTB and EPTB | 3 (8.6) | - | 3 (12.5) | |
Missing | 1 (2.9) | - | 1 (4.1) | |
Resistance profile | ||||
RR-TB | 18 (51.4) | 2 (18.2) | 16 (66.7) | 0.009 |
MDR-TB | 12 (34.3) | 5 (45.4) | 7 (29.2) | |
XDR-TB | 2 (5.7) | 2 (18.2) | - | |
Missing | 3 (8.6) | 2 (18.2) | 1 (4.1) | |
TB treatment regimen | ||||
Standard second-line TB regimen | 10 (28.6) | 4 (36.4) | 6 (25.0) | 0.490 |
Individualized regimen with second-line drugs | 25 (71.4) | 7 (63.6) | 18 (75.0) | |
Pregnant at MDR/RR-TB treatment initiation | ||||
Yes | 31 (88.6) | 9 (81.8) | 22 (91.7) | 0.575 |
No | 4 (11.4) | 2 (18.2) | 2 (8.3) | |
Time to pregnancy onset, Med (IQR) | 10.9 (5.5–16.4) | 5.5 (4.0–7.1) | 16.4 (14.7–18.1) | 0.121 |