Table 3 Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the association between variables and insufficient and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) in pregnant women. University Hospital from a Metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2019

Maternal age

≤ 35 years old

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

> 35 years old

0.36

0.11-1.18

0.09^*

0.84

0.35-2.00

0.70

0.66

0.13-3.28

0.62

1.37

0.43-4.42

0.60

Marital status

Single/Divorced/Widowed

2.20

0.8-6.12

0.13^*

1.07

0.42-2.72

0.88

1.83

0.50-6.68

0.36

0.84

0.28-2.58

0.76

Married

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Educational level

< 9

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

9-15

0.18

0.05-0.72

0.02^**

0.62

0.16-2.40

0.49

0.10

0.01-0.89

0.04^**

0.20

0.02-1.70

0.14

≥ 16

0.15

0.02-1.37

0.09^*

0.91

0.15-5.58

0.92

0.05

0.002-1.22

0.06

0.18

0.01-2.35

0.19

Level of Security/Food insecurity (FI)

Food security

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Mild FI

0.65

0.24-1.75

0.40

0.63

0.28-1.43

0.27

Moderate/severe FI

0.29

0.26-0.32

0.98

0.26

0.23-0.29

0.98

Number visits prenatal

< 8

2.03

0.80-5.20

0.14^*

1.01

0.46-2.22

0.98

4.03

0.94-17.25

0.06

0.95

0.33-2.68

0.92

≥ 8

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Consumption of alcohol

Yes

1.62

0.36-7.33

0.53

0.38

0.07-2.00

0.25

No

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Current smoker

Yes

6.37

7.27-55.90

0.09^*

1.21

0.12-12.09

0.87

5.01

0.36-69.24

0.23

0.92

0.07-11.99

0.95

No

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Weeks’ gestation at delivery

< 40 weeks

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

Ref.[1]

≥ 40 weeks

2.75

0.85-8.94

0.09^*

1.98

0.76-5.14

0.16^*

2.13

0.49-9.29

0.31

2.10

0.69-6.43

0.19