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Fig. 2 | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

Fig. 2

From: The influence of maternal singing on well-being, postpartum depression and bonding – a randomised, controlled trial

Fig. 2

Results of the immediate effects during the 45-min intervention session with a comparison between pre and post intervention measurement; * = p < .05; error bars represent standard deviations. A: Results of the SAM scores valence, arousal and dominance. A significant improvement was found from pre to post intervention for all dimensions of SAM. B: Results of the VAS scores closeness to baby and comfort with maternal role. Both scores increased significantly from pre to post intervention, indicating an improvement of bonding and comfort. C: Comparison of salivary cortisol levels between pre and post intervention session. Saliva cortisol decreases significantly during the intervention session

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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

ISSN: 1471-2393

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