Table 2 COM-B and TDF mapping of barriers and facilitators to participating as a couple in a digital healthy eating and physical activity intervention

Motivation Reflective

Identity/goals

Beliefs about consequences

Intentions

‘Her pregnancy’ -fatherhood begins at baby’s birth (Partner)

Potential conflict/controlling behaviours (Woman)

‘Our pregnancy’ (Both)

Being a fit and healthy father (Partner)

Being a supportive partner (Partner)

Being a good role model to child (Both)

Increase commitment and hence improve success rates (Woman)

Give partner (more of ) a role in pregnancy (Both)

Positively impact relationship (bonding) (Both)

Improve partner knowledge and hence support (Woman)

Commitment to be a supportive partner during pregnancy (Partner)

Motivation Automatic

Emotions

Feeling supported (Woman)

Feeling included (Partner)

Opportunity Social

Social influences

Social norms

‘Her pregnancy’ and cultural/family gender stereotyping (Both)

HCP recommended (Both)

‘Our pregnancy’ – partners today are involved (Both)

Opportunity Physical

Context and resources

Cost and time of participating together (Both)

Existing concordance in energy balance behaviours (Both)

Capability Psychological

Knowledge

Understand the importance of good energy balance behaviours to mother’s and baby’s health (Partner)

Understand the importance of partner support in her achieving healthy energy balance behaviours (Partner)

Capability Physical