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Table 3 Indications for caesarean sections

From: Management of prolonged first stage of labour in a low-resource setting: lessons learnt from rural Malawi

Indication

N (%)

Cephalopelvic disproportion

150 (23.3%)

Fetal distress

82 (12.7%)

Prolonged first stage of labour

79 (12.2%)

Two or more previous CS

57 (8.8%)

Fetal malpresentation (e.g. breech)

53 (8.2%)

Prolonged second stage of labour

30 (4.7%)

Failed VBAC

20 (3.1%)

APH / placental abruption

19 (3.0%)

Obstructed labour

16 (2.5%)

Eclampsia

14 (2.2%)

Pre-eclampsia

10 (1.6%)

Cervical dystocia

10 (1.6%)

Cord prolapse

9 (1.4%)

Other

42 (7.0%)

Missing

54 (8.4%)

Total

645 (100%)

  1. CS caesarean section; VBAC vaginal birth after caesarean; APH antepartum haemorrhage