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Table 3 Pre and post-test scores within each sub-domain for each country

From: Midwives’ experiences of cultural competency training and providing perinatal care for migrant women a mixed methods study: Operational Refugee and Migrant Maternal Approach (ORAMMA) project

 

Greece (N = 23)

Netherlands (N = 7)

UK (N = 5)

Overall pre-post

Pre

Post)

p value

Pre

Post

p value

Pre

Post

p value

P value

Knowledge on: (Median [IQR]) a

 Medical aspects (max score 12)

6.5 [5–8.25]

9.0 [7–10]

0.007**

9 [6–11]

10 [10–11]

0.041*

8 [4–10]

11 [10–11.5]

0.068

0.000***

 Interpretation services (max score 5)

1.5 [1–2]

2 [1–2.5]

0.454

1 [1–2]

2 [1–2]

0.157

2.5 [1.3–4.5]

2.5 [2–3]

0.854

0.404

 National legislation (max score 3)

2 [2–3]

2 [2–3]

0.480

2 [2–3]

2 [2–3]

0.564

2 [2–3]

3 [2.5–3]

0.157

0.405

 Ethnic minority patients (max score 8)

7 [6–7]

7 [6–7]

0.435

7 [6–8]

7 [7–8]

0.157

8 [7–8]

7 [6–8]

0.180

0.569

Attitude - (Yes %) b

 I respect her choice to become pregnant

52.2%

65.2%

0.250

42.9%

57.1%

1.000

40.0%

100%

0.250

0.016*

 I understand why scheduled appointments are hard

56.5%

73.9%

0.125

85.7%

71.4%

1.000

40.0%

100%

0.250

0.070

 I feel irritated when she fails to attend twice c

4.3%

4.3%

1.000

71.4%

28.6%

0.250

0%

0%

0.250

 I cannot understand why she would bring a child into the world in her situation c

0%

0%

14.3%

14.3%

1.000

0%

0%

1.000

 I feel empathy for her

4.3%

8.7%

1.000

42.9%

57.1%

1.000

60.0%

100%

0.500

0.219

 I’m worried about her

73.9%

82.6%

0.625

100%

100%

80.0%

100%

1.000

0.375

 I’m worried about her child

56.5%

52.2%

1.000

100%

85.7%

1.000

80.0%

100%

1.000

1.000

 I feel desperate as I have no idea how to help c

4.3%

4.3%

1.000

28.6%

0%

0.500

0%

0%

0.625

 I’m glad I will be able to help her

56.5%

52.2%

1.000

28.6%

85.7%

0.123

80.0%

100%

1.000

0.344

 I’m considering informing child protection c

39.1%

47.8%

0.625

0%

0%

20.0%

20.0%

1.000

0.625

 I feel I need to consult more experienced colleagues

69.6%

43.5%

0.031*

42.9%

42.9%

1.000

60.0%

60.0%

1.000

0.109

Skills (Yes - %) b

 I will end my care as usual in my country c

8.7%

8.7%

1.000

57.1%

42.9%

1.000

20.0%

20.0%

1.000

1.000

 I will approach different organisations for support

78.3%

73.9%

1.000

57.1%

85.7%

0.500

20.0%

60.0%

0.500

0.453

 Discuss pros and cons of government accommodation

43.5%

47.8%

1.000

57.1%

71.4%

1.000

60.0%

60.0%

1.000

0.754

 Write to the government requesting stay in current shelter until postnatal visits complete

26.1%

21.7%

1.000

0%

14.3%

1.000

20.0%

20.0%

1.000

1.000

 Concerns over victim of sexual violence

52.2%

56.5%

1.000

42.9%

57.1%

1.000

20.0%

60.0%

0.500

0.289

 Inform General Practitioner (GP) and health visitor over medical and mental health risk concerns

56.5%

69.6%

0.453

71.4%

100%

0.500

80.0%

100%

1.000

0.109

 Concerns over Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)

13%

30.4%

0.125

42.9%

42.9%

1.000

0%

40%

0.500

0.031*

 No partner so contraception not discussed c

4.3%

4.3%

1.000

14.3%

14.3%

1.000

0%

0%

1.000

 Inform of relevant social and other care

82.6%

87.0%

1.000

57.1%

100%

0.250

60%

100%

0.500

0.070

SPCC (each sub-domain scored from 1 to 5) (Median [IQR]) a

I feel capable of providing adequate care in relation to: Communication with a language barrier

3 [2.75–3]

4 [3–4]

0.090

3 [3–4]

4 [3–4]

0.157

4 [4–4.5]

4 [4–5]

0.317

0.025*

 handling cultural differences

4 [3–5]

4 [3–5]

0.180

3 [3–4]

4 [3–4]

0.046*

4 [3–4]

4 [4–4]

0.157

0.007**

 discuss (sexual) violence

3 [2.5–4]

3 [3–4]

0.351

3 [2–4]

4 [3–4]

0.046*

4 [3–4]

3 [3–4]

0.564

0.788

 ask about FGM

3 [2–4]

3 [2–4]

0.412

4 [3–4]

4 [3.5–4]

0.414

4 [4–5]

4 [4–4]

0.157

0.446

 manage consequences of FGM

3 [2–4]

3.5 [2–4]

0.414

4 [3–4]

4 [3–4]

1.000

4 [3–4]

4 [4–4]

0.157

0.276

 provide health promotion to migrants

4 [3–5]

4 [3.75–5]

0.102

3 [2–4]

3 [3–4]

0.480

4 [3.5–4]

4 [4–4.5]

0.157

0.046*

 legal and procedural aspects around migration status

2 [1–3]

3 [2–3]

0.013*

1 [1–2]

2 [1–3]

0.096

2 [1.5–2.5]

4 [3–4]

0.038*

0.000***

 refer to social care

4 [3–4]

4 [4–5]

0.019*

3 [3–5]

4 [4–4]

0.317

4 [4–4.5]

4 [4–5]

0.317

0.007**

  1. a - domains negatively scoring - so a decrease in score is desired
  2. b - McNemar Test used for dichotomous variables to test for differences between pre- and post-test proportions within each country and overall
  3. c - Differences between median pre- and post-score within each country and overall tested using Wilcoxon signed-rank test
  4. IQR Interquartile range
  5. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001