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Table 1 Characteristics of study participants

From: Antenatal management and maternal/fetal outcomes associated with hyperglycaemia in pregnancy (HIP) in Uganda; a prospective cohort study

 

Normoglycaemic n = 2641

(Proportion) %

HIP

n = 276

  
   

GDM

n = 237

DIP

N = 39

Study site

 Public %

54.2

38.4

39.7

30.8

 Private %

45.8

61.6

60.3

69.2

Age

26.8 ± 5.4

28.9 ± 6.0

28.5 ± 6.0

31.7 ± 4.7

Mid-gestation BMI

27.5 ± 4.9

30.5 ± 6.3

30.4 ± 6.3

31.1 ± 5.9

 Obese > 30

(696/2638) 26.4

(137/276) 49.6

(117/237) 49.4

(20/39) 51.3

Maternal height (cm)

158.7 ± 6.1

158.3 ± 5.9

158.3 ± 5.9

158.8 ± 5.8

HTN (> 140 mmHg or > 90 mmHg)

(26/2641) 1.0

(3/276) 1.5

(2/237) 0.8

(1/39) 2.6

 MAP (mean)

80.1 ± 8.2

82.7 ± 8.8

82.2 ± 8.4

86.3 ± 10.7

HbA1c (Mean, DCCT)

4.8 ± 0.49

5.2 ± 0.79

5.1 ± 0.54

6.1 ± 1.43

Family history diabetes

(639/2437) 26.2

(91/258) 35.3

(74/222) 33.3

(17/36) 47.2

Prior macrosomia

(271/2641) 10.3

(48/276) 17.4

(39/237) 16.5

(9/39) 23.1

Current smoker

(3/2641) 0.1

(1/276) 0.4

(1/237) 0.4

(0/41) 0.0

Alcohol use in last 12 months

(476/2639) 18.0

(44/276) 15.9

(36/237) 15.2

(8/39) 20.5

Gravidity (mean)

2.5 ± 1.5

2.9 ± 1.7

2.9 ± 1.7

3.3 ± 1.7

 Nulliparous

(852/2641) 32.3

(63/276) 22.8

(60/237) 25.3

(3/39) 7.7

 Multiparous (≥ 2)

(935/2641) 35.4

(124/276) 44.9

(105/237) 44.3

(19/39) 48.7

HIV

(79/2641) 3.0

(15/276) 5.4

(10/237) 4.2

(5/39) 12.8

  1. BMI body mass index, HTN hypertension in pregnancy, MAP mean arterial pressure, HbA1c glycated haemoglobin, HIV human immunodeficiency virus