| Normoglycaemic n = 2641 (Proportion) % | HIP n = 276 |  |  |
---|---|---|---|---|
 |  |  | GDM n = 237 | DIP N = 39 |
Study site | ||||
 Public % | 54.2 | 38.4 | 39.7 | 30.8 |
 Private % | 45.8 | 61.6 | 60.3 | 69.2 |
Age | 26.8 ± 5.4 | 28.9 ± 6.0 | 28.5 ± 6.0 | 31.7 ± 4.7 |
Mid-gestation BMI | 27.5 ± 4.9 | 30.5 ± 6.3 | 30.4 ± 6.3 | 31.1 ± 5.9 |
 Obese > 30 | (696/2638) 26.4 | (137/276) 49.6 | (117/237) 49.4 | (20/39) 51.3 |
Maternal height (cm) | 158.7 ± 6.1 | 158.3 ± 5.9 | 158.3 ± 5.9 | 158.8 ± 5.8 |
HTN (> 140 mmHg or > 90 mmHg) | (26/2641) 1.0 | (3/276) 1.5 | (2/237) 0.8 | (1/39) 2.6 |
 MAP (mean) | 80.1 ± 8.2 | 82.7 ± 8.8 | 82.2 ± 8.4 | 86.3 ± 10.7 |
HbA1c (Mean, DCCT) | 4.8 ± 0.49 | 5.2 ± 0.79 | 5.1 ± 0.54 | 6.1 ± 1.43 |
Family history diabetes | (639/2437) 26.2 | (91/258) 35.3 | (74/222) 33.3 | (17/36) 47.2 |
Prior macrosomia | (271/2641) 10.3 | (48/276) 17.4 | (39/237) 16.5 | (9/39) 23.1 |
Current smoker | (3/2641) 0.1 | (1/276) 0.4 | (1/237) 0.4 | (0/41) 0.0 |
Alcohol use in last 12 months | (476/2639) 18.0 | (44/276) 15.9 | (36/237) 15.2 | (8/39) 20.5 |
Gravidity (mean) | 2.5 ± 1.5 | 2.9 ± 1.7 | 2.9 ± 1.7 | 3.3 ± 1.7 |
 Nulliparous | (852/2641) 32.3 | (63/276) 22.8 | (60/237) 25.3 | (3/39) 7.7 |
 Multiparous (≥ 2) | (935/2641) 35.4 | (124/276) 44.9 | (105/237) 44.3 | (19/39) 48.7 |
HIV | (79/2641) 3.0 | (15/276) 5.4 | (10/237) 4.2 | (5/39) 12.8 |