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Table 3 Predictors of severe fear of childbirth (Wijma score ≥ 85)

From: Predictors of fear of childbirth and normal vaginal birth among Iranian postpartum women: a cross-sectional study

Variables

Simple logistic regression

Multiple logistic regression

score < 85

score ≥ 85

OR

p

AOR

95% C.I for OR

Lower

Upper

Age (years)

  < 30

253 (56.0)

132 (62.9)

1.33†

.048

1.428

1.004

2.033

  > 30

199 (44.0)

78 (37.1)

1

–

1

–

–

Educational level (years)

  < 12

341 (75.4)

171 (81.4)

1.43†

–

–

–

–

  > 12

111 (24.6)

39 (18.6)

1

–

–

–

–

Satisfaction with household income

 Low satisfied

147 (32.5)

92 (43.8)

1.62**

–

–

–

–

 Moderately satisfied/satisfied

305 (67.5)

118 (56.2)

1

–

–

–

–

Gestational age (week)

  < 38

64 (14.2)

26 (12.4)

1.07

–

–

–

–

 38–40

322 (71.2)

159 (75.7)

1.30

–

–

–

–

  > 40

66 (14.6)

25 (11.9)

1

–

–

–

–

Parity

 Primipara

184 (49.7)

99 (47.1)

1.30†

–

–

–

–

 Multipara

268 (59.3)

111 (52.9)

1

–

–

–

–

Birth mode

 Cesarean

90 (19.9)

54 (25.7)

1.39†

–

–

–

–

 Normal vaginal birth

362 (80.1)

156 (74.3)

1

–

–

–

–

Having a doula

 No

315 (69.7)

162 (77.1)

1.47*

–

–

–

–

 Yes

139 (30.3)

65 (22.9)

1

–

–

–

–

Onset of labor pain

 Spontaneous

313 (69.2)

145 (69.0)

1

–

–

–

–

 Induced

139 (30.8)

65 (31.0)

0.98

–

–

–

–

Pain relief method

 Entonox

226 (50)

93 (44.3)

.86

–

–

–

–

 Spinal anesthesia

85 (19.7)

50 (25.7)

1.27

–

–

–

–

 Hot water showers or massage

18 (4.0)

6 (2.9)

.70

–

–

–

–

 Nothing

119 (26.3)

57 (27.1)

1

–

–

–

–

Satisfaction with pregnancy

 Not satisfied

13 (2.9)

24 (11.4)

16.62***

<.001

13.868

4.631

41.528

 Low satisfied

33 (7.3)

33 (15.7)

9.0***

<.001

7.072

2.628

19.030

 Moderately satisfied

166 (36.7)

76 (36.2)

4.1**

.016

3.047

1.230

7.549

 Satisfied

186 (41.2)

71 (33.8)

3.4**

.029

2.732

1.110

6.723

 Very satisfied

54 (11.9)

6 (2.9)

1

–

1

–

–

Perceived marital/sexual satisfaction

 Not satisfied to moderately satisfied

39 (8.6)

29 (13.8)

2.59**

.018

2.066

1.135

3.762

 Satisfied

218 (48.2)

125 (59.5)

2.00***

.001

1.890

1.280

2.792

 Very satisfied

195 (43.1)

56 (26.7)

1

–

1

–

–

Satisfaction with husband’s support

 Not satisfied to moderately satisfied

81 (17.7)

62 (29.5)

2.06**

–

–

–

–

 Satisfied

212 (46.9)

89 (42.4)

1.13

–

–

–

–

 Very satisfied

159 (35.2)

59 (28.1)

1

–

–

–

–

  1. †simple logistic regression: p < 0.25, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, Variables entered on step 1: education, satisfaction with income, parity, mode of birth, having a doula, maternal satisfaction with pregnancy, perceived marital/sexual satisfaction, and satisfaction with husband support. method: forward LR, Cox & Snell R Square = 8.7%, Nagelkerke R Square = 12.1%