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Table 1 High-risk fertility behaviours: individual risk factors

From: Impact of high-risk fertility behaviours on underfive mortality in Asia and Africa: evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

aORa

aOR

aOR

aOR

Mother’s age at birth

  ≥18 years

1

   

  < 18 years

1.61***

   
 

(1.56,1.67)

   

Mother’s age at birth

    

  ≤34 years

 

1

  

  > 34 years

 

0.98

  
  

(0.96,1.01)

  

Length of PBI

  ≥ 24 months

  

1

 

  < 24 months

  

2.02***

 
   

(1.97,2.07)

 

Child’s birth order number

 First, second, or third born

   

1

  > 3

   

0.91***

    

(0.89,0.93)

Mother’s education

 No Education

1

1

1

1

 Primary

0.92***

0.92***

0.91***

0.91***

 

(0.89,0.94)

(0.90,0.95)

(0.88,0.94)

(0.89,0.94)

 Secondary

0.74***

0.74***

0.73***

0.73***

 

(0.71,0.77)

(0.71,0.77)

(0.69,0.76)

(0.70,0.76)

Higher

0.56***

0.55***

0.55***

0.53***

 

(0.51,0.62)

(0.50,0.61)

(0.48,0.63)

(0.48,0.58)

Father’s education

 No Education

1

1

1

1

 Primary

0.94***

0.93***

0.90***

0.92***

 

(0.91,0.96)

(0.91,0.96)

(0.87,0.93)

(0.89,0.95)

 Secondary

0.86***

0.86***

0.85***

0.85***

 

(0.83,0.89)

(0.83,0.89)

(0.82,0.89)

(0.82,0.88)

 Higher

0.75***

0.74***

0.78***

0.74***

 

(0.70,0.80)

(0.70,0.79)

(0.72,0.84)

(0.69,0.79)

Mother’s working status

 Currently not working

1

1

1

1

 Working

1.09***

1.07***

1.13***

1.09***

 

(1.06,1.12)

(1.05,1.10)

(1.09,1.16)

(1.06,1.11)

Father’s working status

 Currently not working

1

1

1

1

 Working

0.98

0.97

1.00

0.97

 

(0.89,1.07)

(0.88,1.06)

(0.89,1.11)

(0.88,1.06)

Residential status

 Rural

1

1

1

1

 Urban

0.96**

0.95**

0.96*

0.94***

 

(0.93,0.99)

(0.92,0.98)

(0.92,0.99)

(0.91,0.97)

Household wealth status

 Poorest

1

1

1

1

 Poorer

0.99

0.99

0.99

0.99

 

(0.97,1.02)

(0.97,1.02)

(0.96,1.02)

(0.97,1.02)

 Middle

0.92***

0.92***

0.94***

0.94***

 

(0.90,0.95)

(0.89,0.95)

(0.90,0.97)

(0.91,0.97)

 Richer

0.90***

0.90***

0.94**

0.91***

 

(0.87,0.93)

(0.87,0.93)

(0.91,0.98)

(0.88,0.94)

 Richest

0.76***

0.75***

0.77***

0.77***

 

(0.72,0.79)

(0.71,0.78)

(0.73,0.82)

(0.73,0.80)

Country fixed effects

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Time fixed effects

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

 N

901,934

901,934

748,896

1,000,229

 F

172.0

157.9

168.3

155.0

 p

0

0

0

0

  1. Exponentiated coefficients; 95% confidence intervals in brackets
  2. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001
  3. aAdjusted odds ratio