From: Abnormal placental perfusion and the risk of stillbirth: a hospital-based retrospective cohort study
Characteristics | All (56 cases) | Unexplained (48 cases) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Raw odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | Raw odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | |
Placental perfusion | ||||||||
 Normal | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  |
 Insufficiency | 4.8 (2.5–9.1) | < 0.001 | 4.2 (2.2–8.0) | < 0.001 | 5.3 (2.7–10.5) | < 0.001 | 4.6 (2.3–9.2) | < 0.001 |
 NA | 1.7 (0.9–3.2) | 0.10 | 1.6 (0.9–3.1) | 0.13 | 1.6 (0.8–3.3) | 0.16 | 1.6 (0.8–3.1) | 0.21 |
Maternal age at delivery (years) | ||||||||
  < 25 | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  |
 25–34 | 0.9 (0.3–3.0) | 0.91 | 0.9 (0.3–2.9) | 0.86 | 0.8 (0.2–2.5) | 0.67 | 0.7 (0.2–2.4) | 0.60 |
  ≥ 35 | 1.0 (0.3–4.1) | 0.98 | 0.8 (0.2–3.4) | 0.77 | 1.0 (0.3–4.1) | 0.98 | 0.8 (0.2–3.3) | 0.71 |
Residence | ||||||||
 Local | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  |
 Nonlocal | 1.1 (0.6–2.0) | 0.74 | 1.1 (0.6–2.0) | 0.81 | 1.1 (0.6–2.1) | 0.75 | 1.1 (0.5–2.1) | 0.85 |
Parity | ||||||||
 Nulliparous | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  |
 Pluriparous | 1.2 (0.6–2.4) | 0.57 | 1.3 (0.6–2.7) | 0.51 | 1.3 (0.6–2.7) | 0.49 | 1.3 (0.6–2.9) | 0.48 |
Assisted conception | ||||||||
 No | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  |
 Yes | 1.0 (0.1–7.2) | 0.99 | 0.9 (0.1–6.9) | 0.94 | 1.2 (0.2–8.4) | 0.88 | 1.0 (0.1–7.8) | 0.98 |
Gestational diabetes mellitus | ||||||||
 No | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  |
 Yes | 1.1 (0.4–2.7) | 0.89 | 0.9 (0.4–2.4) | 0.87 | 1.3 (0.5–3.2) | 0.62 | 1.1 (0.4–2.8) | 0.88 |
Preeclampsia | ||||||||
 No | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  |
 Yes | 4.5 (2.4–8.6) | < 0.001 | 3.8 (2.0–7.4) | < 0.001 | 4.9 (2.5–97) | < 0.001 | 4.0 (2.0–8.1) | < 0.001 |
Sex | ||||||||
 Male | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  | 1.0 |  |
 Female | 1.9 (1.1–3.3) | 0.020 | 1.9 (1.1–3.3) | 0.020 | 1.9 (1.1–3.5) | 0.028 | 2.0 (1.1–3.5) | 0.027 |