| N comp | d | 95% CI | p-value | I2 | NNT |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All studies | 14 | 0.52 | 0.29 ~ 0.74 |  | 76.14* | 3.50 |
2 outliers removed | 12 | 0.47 | 0.31 ~ 0.62 |  | 26.56 ns | 3.85 |
Lowest ES excludedb | 12 | 0.50 | 0.36 ~ 0.64 |  | 14.9 ns | 3.62 |
Highest ES excludedb | 12 | 0.43 | 0.25 ~ 0.61 |  | 41.54 ns | 4.20 |
Depression onlyb | 10 | 0.50 | 0.32 ~ 0.67 |  | 26.99 ns | 3.62 |
Anxiety onlyb | 5 | 0.30 | < 0.01 ~ 0.59 |  | 43.03 ns | 5.95 |
Stress onlyb | 5 | 0.52 | 0.28 ~ 0.75 |  | 00.00 ns | 3.50 |
Timing interventionb | Â | Â | Â | 0.63 | Â | Â |
 • Prenatal | 9 | 0.52 | 0.36 ~ 0.68 |  | 07.32 ns | 3.50 |
 • Mixed | 3 | 0.37 | 0.16 ~ 0.58 |  | 60.95 ns | 4.85 |
Intervention typeb | Â | Â | Â | 0.54 | Â | Â |
 • Psychoeducation | 3 | 0.34 | 0.03 ~ 0.65 |  | 22.77 ns | 5.26 |
 • CBT | 3 | 0.43 | 0.24 ~ 0.62 |  | 66.23 ns | 4.20 |
 • Mindfulness | 3 | 0.32 | −.14 ~ 0.78 |  | 0.00 ns | 5.56 |
 • Other | 3 | 0.62 | 0.39 ~ 0.84 |  | 43.81 ns | 2.96 |
Delivery modeb | Â | Â | Â | 0.54 | Â | Â |
 • Group | 10 | 0.45 | 0.32 ~ 0.58 |  | 34.52 ns | 4.00 |
 • Individual | 2 | 0.61 | 0.13 ~ 1.10 |  | 00.00 ns | 2.99 |
Inclusion of partnerb |  |  |  | < 0.01 |  |  |
 • No | 8 | 0.59 | 0.43 ~ 0.75 |  | 0.00 ns | 3.09 |
 • Yes | 4 | 0.25 | 0.04 ~ 0.45 |  | 0.00 ns | 7.14 |
Risk of biasb | Â | Â | Â | 0.40 | Â | Â |
 • High | 5 | 0.55 | 0.32 ~ 0.78 |  | 38.08 ns | 3.31 |
 • Low | 2 | 0.56 | 0.32 ~ 0.81 |  | 00.00 ns | 3.25 |
 • Medium | 5 | 0.35 | 0.16 ~ 0.54 |  | 26.78 ns | 5.10 |
Timing post-testb | Â | Â | Â | 0.93 | Â | Â |
 • Pregnancy | 5 | 0.48 | 0.30 ~ 0.67 |  | 0.00 ns | 3.76 |
 • 0–6 m pp | 7 | 0.45 | 0.27 ~ 0.62 |  | 51.54 ns | 4.00 |