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Table 2 Maternal and neonatal outcomes of the study participants (n = 1009)

From: The association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and preterm delivery: a prospective study with a multivariable analysis

 

Infected Group

Non-Infected Group

p-value

Number

246

763

 

Perinatal outcome

 Gestational age at delivery (weeks+days; mean/range)

38 + 4 (27–42)

39 + 0 (23–42)

0.010

 Type of delivery

  Cesarean

55 (22.4%)

143 (18.7%)

0.214

  Eutocic

170 (69.1%)

506 (66.3%)

0.419

  Instrumental

21 (8.5%)

114 (14.9%)

0.010

 Preterm deliveries (< 37 weeks of gestational age)

34 (13.8%)

51 (6.7%)

0.001

  Spontaneous delivery (including PPROM)

15 (6.1%)

36 (4.7%)

0.390

  Induced/Elective C-section due to PPROM

7 (2.8%)

5 (0.7%)

0.012

  Iatrogenic delivery (no PPROM)

12 (4.9%)

10 (1.3%)

0.001

   Causes of preterm iatrogenic delivery:

   COVID-19 mild symptoms

3/12

0/10

 

   Pneumonia

3/12

0/10

 

   Severe preeclampsia

4/12

1/10

0.323

 PROM

39 (15.8%)

75 (9.8%)

0.009

 PPROM

11 (4.5%)

15 (2.0%)

0.031

  Gestational age at PPROM (weeks+days; mean/range)

33 + 5 (28–36)

33 + 6 (28–36)

0.610

Medical and obstetrical complications

 Admitted in ICU

5 (2.0%)

2 (0.3%)

0.011

  Days in ICU (mean/range)

9.5 (6–14)

2 (2–2)

 

Obstetrical complications

 Hemorrhagic events

10 (4.1%)

34 (4.5%)

0.794

  Abruptio placentae

2 (0.8%)

1 (0.1%)

0.149

  Postpartum hemorrhage

8 (3.3%)

33 (4.3%)

0.459

 Gestational hypertensive disorders

11 (4.5%)

44 (5.8%)

0.436

  Severe preeclampsia

6 (2.4%)

3 (0.4%)

0.008

   Admitted in ICU

2/6

0/3

 

   Invasive ventilation

0/6

0/7

 

  Moderate preeclampsia

5 (2.0%)

41 (5.4%)

0.025

Neonatal data

 Apgar 5 score < 7

5 (2.0%)

8 (1.1%)

0.325

 Umbilical artery pH < 7.10

6 (3.0%)

24 (3.8%)

0.608

 Admitted in NICU

23 (9.3%)

18 (2.4%)

0.001

  Days in NICU (mean/range)

13.8 (1–48)

10.7 (2–26)

0.379

   Cause of NICU admission:

   Prematurity

15/23

12/18

 

   Respiratory distress

2/23

6/18

 

 Neonatal COVID-19 PCR testing within the first 48 h

196 (79.7%)

0 (0.0%)

 

Stillbirth

3 (1.2%)

1 (0.1%)

0.047

Neonatal mortality

0 (0.0%)

1 (0.1%) a

1.000

6 weeks mother follow-up

 Mastitis

1 (0.4%)

1 (0.1%)

0.428

14 days neonate follow-up

 Readmission due to COVID-19

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

 
  1. Data are shown as n (% of total), except where otherwise indicated
  2. COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; PROM: Premature rupture of membranes; PPROM: Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes; ICU: Intensive care unit; NICU: Neonatal intensive care unit
  3. a Prematurity causes, gestational age at delivery was 24 weeks