Table 1 Demographic characteristics, comorbidities and current obstetric history of the study participants (n = 1009)
Infected Group | Non-Infected Group | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | 246 | 763 | ||
Maternal characteristics | ||||
Maternal age (years; mean/range) | 32.6 (18–45) | 32.5 (18–49) | 0.671 | |
Age Range | ||||
18–24 | 28 (11.5%) | 70 (9.2%) | 0.309 | |
25–34 | 114 (46.3%) | 400 (52.8%) | 0.097 | |
35–49 | 101 (41.1%) | 287 (37.9%) | 0.335 | |
Ethnicity | ||||
White European | 158 (64.2%) | 600 (78.9%) | < 0.001* | 0.49 (0.36–0.67) |
Latino Americans | 59 (24.0%) | 76 (10.0%) | < 0.001* | 2.85 (1.96–4.15) |
Black non-Hispanic | 8 (3.3%) | 11 (1.4%) | 0.100 | |
Asian non-Hispanic | 4 (1.6%) | 18 (2.4%) | 0.494 | |
Arab | 17 (6.9%) | 55 (7.2%) | 0.875 | |
Nulliparous | 82 (38.5%) | 254 (37.4%) | 0.775 | |
Smoking a | 35 (14.2%) | 94 (12.3%) | 0.436 | |
Maternal comorbidities | ||||
Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) | 33 (13.7%) | 119 (16.8%) | 0.255 | |
Cardiovascular comorbidities | ||||
Chronic Heart Failure b | 3 (1.2%) | 7 (1.0%) | 0.744 | |
Pre-pregnancy HBP | 3 (1.2%) | 6 (0.9%) | 0.587 | |
Pulmonary comorbidities | ||||
Chronic Pulmonary Disease (not asthma) | 1 (0.4%) | 1 (0.1%) | 0.445 | |
Asthma | 4 (1.7%) | 25 (3.5%) | 0.144 | |
Hematologic comorbidities | ||||
Chronic Blood Disease | 1 (0.4%) | 4 (0.6%) | 1.000 | |
Thrombophilia | 3 (1.2%) | 13 (1.8%) | 0.546 | |
Antiphospholipid Syndrome | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.1%) | 1.000 | |
Chronic kidney disease | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (0.3%) | 1.000 | |
Chronic liver disease | 3 (1.2%) | 2 (0.3%) | 0.097 | |
Rheumatic disease | 1 (0.4%) | 7 (1.0%) | 0.397 | |
Diabetes mellitus | 1 (0.4%) | 10 (1.5%) | 0.305 | |
Depressive syndrome | 2 (0.8%) | 8 (1.1%) | 0.680 | |
Current obstetric history | ||||
Gestational age at enrolment (weeks+days; mean/range) | 38 + 1 (27–42) | 38 + 6 (21–42) | < 0.001 | |
Multiple pregnancy | 6 (2.4%) | 31 (4.1%) | 0.239 | |
In Vitro Fertilization | 15 (6.1%) | 27 (3.5%) | 0.081 | |
Haemoglobin < 10 g/dL | 6 (2.5%) | 39 (5.4%) | 0.065 | |
Platelets < 100,000/μL | 3 (1.2%) | 2 (0.3%) | 0.104 | |
Pregnancy-induced hypertension c | 12 (4.9%) | 34 (4.8%) | 0.962 | |
Gestational diabetes | 17 (7.0%) | 61 (8.4%) | 0.476 | |
Intrauterine growth restriction | 13 (5.3%) | 27 (3.8%) | 0.303 | |
High Risk Preeclampsia Screening | 8 (3.7%) | 38 (5.8%) | 0.230 | |
High-risk Chromosomal Abnormality Screening | 4 (1.7%) | 18 (2.6%) | 0.428 | |
Clinical and Ultrasound Prematurity Screening | 5 (2.3%) | 21 (3.3%) | 0.461 | |
Miscarriage risk | 11 (4.5%) | 17 (2.2%) | 0.062 | |