Table 5 Birth plan presentation according to the use of pain relief methods
Birth plan presented | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Pain relief method | Total n (%) | Yes n (%) | No n (%) | p |
N = 422 (%) | n = 216 (51.2) | n = 206 (48.8) | ||
Pharmacological | ||||
Yes | 386 (91.2) | 195 (90.3) | 191 (92.7) | 0.370a |
No | 36 (8.8) | 21 (9.7) | 15 (7.3) | |
Epidural analgesia | ||||
Yes | 375 (88.9) | 186 (86.1) | 189 (91.7) | 0.066a |
No | 47 (11.1) | 30 (13.9) | 17 (8.3) | |
Local anaesthesia | ||||
Yes | 14 (3.3) | 11 (5) * | 3 (1.5) | 0.037b |
No | 408 (96.7) | 205 (95) | 203 (98.5) | |
Nitrous oxide | ||||
Yes | 2 (0.5) | 2 (0.9) | 0 (0) | 0.166b |
No | 420 (99.5) | 214 (99.1) | 206 (100) | |
General anaesthesia | ||||
Yes | 4 (1) | 3 (1.4) | 1 (0.5) | 0.338b |
No | 418 (99) | 213 (98.6) | 205 (99.5) | |
Non-pharmacological | ||||
Yes | 189 (44.8) | 109 (50.5) * | 80 (38.8) | 0.012a |
No | 233 (55.2) | 107 (49.5) | 126 (61.2) | |
Relaxation techniques | ||||
Yes | 73 (17.3) | 47 (21.7) * | 26 (12.6) | 0.013a |
No | 349 (82.7) | 169 (78.3) | 180 (87.4) | |
Breathing techniques | ||||
Yes | 146 (34.6) | 88 (40.7) * | 58 (28.2) | 0.007a |
No | 276 (65.4) | 128 (59.3) | 148 (71.8) | |
Massage | ||||
Yes | 59 (14) | 35 (16.2) | 24 (11.7) | 0.178a |
No | 363 (86) | 181 (83.8) | 182 (88.3) | |
Use of water | ||||
Yes | 44 (10.4) | 29 (13.4) * | 15 (7.3) | 0.039a |
No | 378 (89.6) | 187 (86.6) | 191 (92.7) | |
Use of local heat | ||||
Yes | 49 (11.6) | 34 (15.7) * | 15 (7.3) | 0.007a |
No | 373 (88.4) | 182 (84.3) | 191 (92.7) | |
Use of a birthing ball | ||||
Yes | 32 (7.6) | 19 (8.8) | 13 (6.3) | 0.335a |
No | 390 (92.4) | 197 (91.2) | 193 (93.7) | |
Other methods# | ||||
Yes | 8 (1.9) | 5 (2.3) | 3 (1.5) | 0.518b |
No | 414 (98.1) | 211 (97.7) | 203 (98.5) | |
Pharmacological + non-pharmacological | ||||
Yes | 152 (36) | 87 (40.3) | 65 (31.5) | 0.062a |
No | 270 (64) | 129 (59.7) | 141 (68.5) | |