Table 1 Mothers in the Sydney and South West Sydney Local Health Districts (N = 9646)
| Â | Group La n (%) | Group Lsb n (%) | Group Mc n (%) | Group Ms.d n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
4573 (47%) | 353 (4%) | 4622 (48%) | 98 (1%) | |
Demographic Characteristics | ||||
 Age at 1st antenatal visit, mean (sd) | 29.93 (5.66) | 28.36 (6.16) | 31.12 (4.97) | 32.43 (5.90) |
  20–39 years old | 4221 (92.3%) | 319 (90.37%) | 4372 (94.59%) | 86 (87.76%) |
  ≥ 40 years old | 225 (4.92%) | 14 (3.97%) | 230 (4.98%) | 9 (9.18%) |
   < 20 years old | 127 (2.78%) | 20 (5.67%) | 20 (0.43%) | 3 (3.06%) |
 Pre-pregnancy BMI in kg/m2, mean (sd) | 25.75 (6.13) | 25.61 (6.40) | 23.71 (4.83) | 24.80 (5.37) |
  Underweight | 186 (4.19%) | 37 (10.88%) | 350 (7/76%) | 7 (7.29%) |
  Normal weight () | 2260 (50.86%) | 145 (42.65%) | 2723 (60.36%) | 52 (54.17%) |
  Overweight | 1083 (24.37%) | 80 (23.53%) | 969 (21.48%) | 23 (23.96%) |
  Obese | 915 (20.59%) | 78 (22.94%) | 469 (10.40%) | 14 (14.58%) |
 Born overseas or ESL | ||||
  No | 4407 (96.37%) | 350 (99.15%) | 0 (0.00%) | 5 (5.10%) |
  Yes | 166 (3.63%) | 3 (0.85%) | 4622 (100.00%) | 93 (94.90%) |
 Speaking English at home | ||||
  Yes | 4486 (98.10%) | 353 (100%) | 2357 (51.00%) | 60 (61.22%) |
  No | 87 (1.90%) | 0 (0%) | 2265 (49.00%) | 38 (38/78%) |
 Indigenous Status | ||||
  No | 4426 (96.85%) | 286 (81.48%) | 4615 (99.94%) | 97 (98.98%) |
  Yes | 144 (3.15%) | 65 (18.52%) | 3 (0.06%) | 1 (2.21%) |
 Socio-Economic Index for Areas | ||||
  Low | 830 (18.25%) | 114 (32.48%) | 1765(40.33%) | 55 (56.70%) |
  Medium | 3420 (75.21%) | 230 (65.53%) | 2469 (56.42%) | 37 (38.14%) |
  High | 297 (6.53%) | 7 (1.99%) | 142 (3.24%) | 5 (5.15%) |
Family Factors | ||||
 Has a partner | ||||
  No | 191 (4.21%) | 106 (30.37%) | 111 (2.43%) | 26 (26.80%) |
  Yes | 4345 (95.79%) | 243 (69.63%) | 4459 (97.57%) | 71 (97.57%) |
 Supportive Partner | ||||
  No | 65 (1.42%) | 98 (27.76%) | 110 (2.38%) | 42 (42.86%) |
  Yes | 4508 (98.58%) | 255 (72.24%) | 4512 (97.62%) | 56 (57.14%) |
 Known to Family-and-Community Services | ||||
  No | 4573 (100.00%) | 164 (46.46%) | 4622 (100.00%) | 62 (63.27%) |
  Yes | 0 (00.00%) | 189 (53.54%) | 0 (0.00%) | 36 (36.73%) |
 Known to Out-of-Home-Care Services | ||||
  No | 3285 (97.42%) | 196 (67.12%) | 3465 (97.58%) | 64 (84.21%) |
  Yes | 87 (2.58%) | 96 (32.88%) | 86 (2.42%) | 12 (15.79%) |
Maternal Factors | ||||
 Thoughts of self-harm | ||||
  No | 4168 (98.96%) | 290 (92.36%) | 4192 (98.94%) | 73 (85.88%) |
  Yes | 44 (1.04%) | 24 (7.64%) | 45 (1.06%) | 12 (14.12%) |
 Gestational age at 1st antenatal visit, mean (sd) | 12.57 (7.37) | 14.46 (8.36) | 12.49 (7.54) | 15.55 (8.70) |
  <20 weeks | 3749 (83.20%) | 255 (74.13%) | 3760 (82.47%) | 62 (63.27%) |
  ≥20 weeks | 757 (16.80%) | 89 (25.87%) | 799 (17.53%) | 36 (36.73%) |
Substance Use | ||||
 Smoking status | ||||
  No | 4011 (87.71%) | 104 (29.46%) | 4589 (99.29%) | 84 (85.71%) |
  Yes | 562 (12.29%) | 249 (70.54%) | 33 (0.71%) | 14 (14.29%) |
 Alcohol use | ||||
  No | 4407 (98.98%) | 325 (92.59%) | 4533 (99.32%) | 93 (98.94%) |
  Yes | 91 (2.02%) | 26 (7.41%) | 31 (0.68%) | 1(1.06%) |
Family Violence | ||||
 History of Child Abuse | ||||
  No | 4145 (90.64%) | 166 (47.03%) | 4585 (99.20%) | 63 (64.29%) |
  Yes | 428 (9.36%) | 187 (52.97%) | 37 (0.80%) | 35 (35.71%) |
 Intimate Partner Physical Violence | ||||
  No | 4547 (99.56%) | 293 (83.00%) | 4567 (99.22%) | 74 (75.51%) |
  Yes | 20 (0.44%) | 60 (17.00%) | 36 (0.78%) | 24 (24.49%) |
 Intimate Partner Psychological Violence | ||||
  No | 4573 (100.00%) | 297 (84.14%) | 4608 (99.70%) | 52 (53.06%) |
  Yes | 0 (0.00%) | 56 (15.86%) | 14 (0.30%) | 46 (46.94%) |
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scales (EPDS) | ||||
 Antenatal EPDS, median (IQR) | 3 (5) | 7 (7) | 5 (6) | 11 (10.5) |
  EPDS < 9 | 3762 (86.66%) | 198 (60.37%) | 3378 (78.41%) | 33 (37.93%) |
  EPDS ≥ 9 | 673 (13.34%) | 130 (39.63%) | 930 (21.59%) | 54 (62.07%) |
 Postnatal EPDS, median (IQR) | 3 (4) | 3 (5) | 3 (5) | 6 (7) |
  EPDS < 9 | 3139 (90.23%) | 205 (87.23%) | 2880 (86.41%) | 44 (47.69%) |
  EPDS ≥ 9 | 340 (9.77%) | 30 (12.77%) | 453 (13.59%) | 21 (32.31%) |