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Table 2 Distribution of recommended ANC utilization in sub-Saharan Africa region from 2006 to 2018

From: Determinants of completing recommended antenatal care utilization in sub-Saharan from 2006 to 2018: evidence from 36 countries using Demographic and Health Surveys

Variable

Recommended ANC

Utilization

Total sample size (%)

X-square value

p-value

Yes

No

Africa Region

 Southern

11,252

3042

14,294 (5.49)

60.25

< 0.001*

 Central

27,256

21,395

48,651 (18.67)

 Eastern

52,006

45,917

97,924 (37.58)

 Western

55,078

44,622

99,701 (38.26)

Residence

 Rural

84,114

89,718

173,833 (66.71)

160.68

< 0.001*

 Urban

61,478

25,259

86,738 (33.29)

Age group

 15–24

48,845

35,484

79,329 (30.44)

103.50

< 0.001*

 25–34

67,949

51,196

119,146 (45.72)

 35–46

33,798

28,297

62,095 (23.83)

Marital status

 Single

11,929

6643

18,573 (7.13)

576.50

< 0.001

 Married

133,664

108,334

241,998 (92.87)

  

Literacy

 Cannot read and write

58,984

71,010

129,905 (49.85)

60.05

< 0.001

 Can read and write

86,699

43,967

130,666 (50.51)

  

Maternal education

 No education

40,215

56,630

96,845 (37.17)

70.97

< 0.001*

 Primary education

49,432

39,760

89,193 (34.23)

 Secondary and above

55,945

18,586

74,532 (28.60)

Husband education

 No education

35,000

48,442

83,442 (36.89)

196.83

< 0.001*

 Primary education

33,200

30,177

63,377 (28.02)

 Secondary and above

56,470

22,908

79,378 (35.09)

Maternal Occupation

 Had occupation

108,220

84,024

68,327 (26.22)

126.12

< 0.001*

 Had no occupation

37,373

84,024

192,244 (73.78)

Women’s health care decision making autonomy

 Women alone

21,008

13,807

34,815 (13.36)

32.12

< 0.001

 Women and her husband

48,307

32,120

80,427 (30.87)

  

 Husbands alone

76,287

69,050

145,329 (55.77)

  

Wealth Index

 Poor

51,171

59,574

110,745 (42.50)

144.61

< 0.001*

 Middle

28,833

23,455

52,288 (20.07)

 Rich

65,588

31,948

97,537 (37.43)

Media Exposed

 Yes

107,961

65,824

173,786 (66.69)

158.67

< 0.001*

 No

37,632

49,153

86,785 (33.31)

Accessing health care

 Big problem

79,825

73,713

153,538 (58.92)

458.11

< 0.001*

 Not big problem

65,768

41,264

107,033 (41.08)

Wanted pregnancy

 Yes

132,528

103,876

236,404 (93.47)

37.33

< 0.001

 No

8708

7799

16,508 (6.53)

Contraceptive use

 Yes

53,142

27,567

179,862 (69.03)

102.43

< 0.001*

 No

92,451

87,410

80,709 (30.97)

Birth Order

 1

34,600

20,327

54,928 (21.08)

537.22

< 0.001*

 2–4

71,536

52,160

123,696 (47.47)

 5+

39,457

42,489

81,946 (31.45)

  1. * = significant association between recommended ANC and independent variables