Table 3 Demographic, maternal, and neonatal characteristics of infants that died up to 27 days after birth with perinatal asphyxia in each year of the study, São Paulo State, Brazil: 2004–2013
Ignoreda (%) | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | p-value# | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 849 | n = 794 | n = 722 | n = 687 | n = 640 | n = 646 | n = 624 | n = 553 | n = 566 | n = 567 | |||
Place and time of birth | ||||||||||||
Birth at mother’s home municipality | 0 | 77% | 77% | 78% | 76% | 76% | 75% | 77% | 77% | 74% | 75% | 0.202 |
Birth at hospital | 0.02 | 98% | 99% | 98% | 99% | 98% | 98% | 99% | 98% | 97% | 99% | 0.733 |
Birth at public hospital | 3.7 | 83% | 83% | 81% | 82% | 81% | 81% | 81% | 75% | 81% | 80% | 0.011 |
Birth on Saturday/Sunday | 0 | 27% | 25% | 28% | 26% | 27% | 26% | 26% | 30% | 24% | 28% | 0.682 |
Birth from 7:00 am to 6:59 pm | 0.5 | 59% | 60% | 55% | 57% | 58% | 58% | 55% | 63% | 57% | 57% | 0.654 |
Place and time of death | ||||||||||||
Death at the same municipality of birth | 0 | 94% | 94% | 94% | 91% | 92% | 91% | 92% | 93% | 92% | 93% | 0.207 |
Death at hospital | 0.02 | 96% | 96% | 94% | 94% | 99% | 92% | 98% | 97% | 97% | 98% | 0.013 |
Death at the same birth hospital | 6.4 | 91% | 90% | 87% | 87% | 89% | 86% | 89% | 89% | 87% | 90% | 0.392 |
Death until 59 min after birth | 0 | 12% | 14% | 10% | 10% | 10% | 11% | 12% | 13% | 12% | 10% | 0.805 |
Maternal data | ||||||||||||
Maternal age < 20 years | 0 | 22% | 24% | 22% | 20% | 19% | 21% | 18% | 19% | 18% | 23% | 0.039 |
Mother has a partner | 5.1 | 42% | 39% | 37% | 35% | 33% | 32% | 32% | 38% | 49% | 56% | < 0.001 |
Maternal schooling ≥8 years | 2.5 | 60% | 59% | 61% | 68% | 69% | 70% | 74% | 88% | 73% | 68% | < 0.001 |
Primiparity | 8.1 | 38% | 38% | 39% | 42% | 21% | 44% | 47% | 36% | 43% | 47% | < 0.001 |
Prenatal visits ≥4 | 2.9 | 74% | 74% | 74% | 75% | 75% | 72% | 73% | 77% | 72% | 75% | 0.944 |
Multiple gestation | 0 | 7% | 10% | 8% | 7% | 8% | 7% | 10% | 10% | 7% | 13% | 0.034 |
Cesarean section | 0.02 | 49% | 50% | 47% | 51% | 50% | 51% | 49% | 54% | 52% | 53% | 0.019 |
Neonatal data | ||||||||||||
Gestational age 37–41 weeks | 0 | 40% | 39% | 39% | 39% | 37% | 39% | 36% | 37% | 35% | 31% | < 0.001 |
Birth weight ≥ 2500 g | 03 | 39% | 39% | 36% | 39% | 35% | 36% | 35% | 38% | 37% | 33% | 0.048 |
Birth weight 500-1499 g | 0.3 | 45% | 48% | 50% | 45% | 50% | 50% | 50% | 50% | 46% | 52% | 0.021 |
Male | 0 | 53% | 57% | 55% | 55% | 53% | 54% | 59% | 58% | 59% | 58% | 0.019 |
Non-white | 0.6 | 25% | 28% | 29% | 27% | 26% | 29% | 29% | 30% | 27% | 25% | 0.689 |
1st minute Apgar Score 0–3 | 8.3 | 70% | 69% | 66% | 70% | 67% | 70% | 67% | 74% | 73% | 71% | 0.050 |
5th minute Apgar Score 0–6 | 8.1 | 67% | 65% | 65% | 66% | 63% | 68% | 65% | 70% | 70% | 66% | 0.240 |