|
Midwife-led prenatal counseling
| | |
−25.496
|
< 0.001
|
|
No
|
1945 (46.4)
|
8.65 ± 0.75
| | |
|
Yes
|
2247 (53.6)
|
9.21 ± 0.69
| | |
|
Presence of doula and family member at delivery
| | |
−15.452
|
< 0.001
|
|
No
|
515 (12.3)
|
8.47 ± 0.89
| | |
|
Yes
|
3677 (87.7)
|
9.02 ± 0.73
| | |
|
Lamaze breathing techniques
| | |
−22.597
|
< 0.001
|
|
No
|
2468 (58.9)
|
8.74 ± 0.76
| | |
|
Yes
|
1724 (41.1)
|
9.26 ± 0.67
| | |
|
Warm perineal compresses with red-bean bags
| | |
−25.145
|
< 0.001
|
|
No
|
2929 (69.9)
|
8.77 ± 0.76
| | |
|
Yes
|
1263 (30.1)
|
9.38 ± 0.60
| | |
|
Epidural anesthesia
| | |
−22.560
|
< 0.001
|
|
No
|
1024 (24.4)
|
8.51 ± 0.82
| | |
|
Yes
|
3168 (75.6)
|
9.10 ± 0.70
| | |
|
Free position during the first stage of labor
| | |
−8.496
|
< 0.001
|
|
No
|
659 (15.7)
|
8.72 ± 0.86
| | |
|
Yes
|
3533 (84.3)
|
9.00 ± 0.74
| | |
|
Free position during the second stage of labor
| | |
−1.092
|
0.275
|
|
No
|
1345 (32.1)
|
8.93 ± 0.75
| | |
|
Yes
|
2847 (67.9)
|
8.96 ± 0.78
| | |
|
Episiotomy
| | |
−2.313
|
0.021
|
|
No
|
3221 (76.8)
|
8.94 ± 0.78
| | |
|
Yes
|
971 (23.2)
|
9.00 ± 0.73
| | |
|
Laceration of perineum
| | |
3.530
|
0.014
|
|
No
|
1053 (25.1)
|
8.96 ± 0.75
| | |
|
lst degree
|
1596 (38.1)
|
8.91 ± 0.79
| | |
|
2nd degree
|
1541 (36.8)
|
8.99 ± 0.76
| | |
|
3rd degree
|
2 (0.0)
|
9.40 ± 0.42
| | |
|
Early skin to skin contact
| | |
−1.319
|
0.187
|
|
No
|
2476 (59.1)
|
8.92 ± 0.77
| | |
|
Yes
|
1716 (40.9)
|
9.01 ± 0.65
| | |
|
Midwives’ postpartum guidance
| | |
−12.984
|
< 0.001
|
|
No
|
92 (2.2)
|
7.94 ± 1.11
| | |
|
Yes
|
4100 (97.8)
|
8.97 ± 0.74
| | |
|
Perineum pain two hours after delivery
| | |
4.105
|
0.006
|
|
Almost no pain
|
606 (14.5)
|
9.05 ± 0.76
| | |
|
Mild pain
|
1778 (42.4)
|
8.95 ± 0.75
| | |
|
Moderate pain
|
1112 (26.5)
|
8.91 ± 0.81
| | |
|
Severe pain
|
696 (16.6)
|
8.93 ± 0.75
| | |
|
Perineum edema two hours after delivery
| | |
5.314
|
0.001
|
|
Almost no edema
|
1831 (43.7)
|
9.00 ± 0.71
| | |
|
Mild edema
|
1850 (44.1)
|
8.92 ± 0.81
| | |
|
Moderate edema
|
450 (10.7)
|
8.88 ± 0.82
| | |
|
Severe edema
|
61 (1.5)
|
8.94 ± 0.71
| | |
