Skip to main content

Table 4 Maternal and fetal/child outcomes in relation to sedentary time per day in categories

From: Physical activity and sedentary time during pregnancy and associations with maternal and fetal health outcomes: an epidemiological study

 

< 3 h

n (%)

4-6 h

n (%)

7-9 h

n (%)

≥10 h

n (%)

p-valuea

Gestational age

 Mean; SD

279.4; 10.4

278.8; 10.8

278.9; 10.5

279.7; 10.3

0.412

 Pretermb

10 (3.4)

33 (4.4)

21 (3.3)

17 (3.4)

0.094

 Termb

254 (86.4)

677 (89.4)

589 (91.7)

452 (90.4)

 

 Post termb

30 (10.2)

47 (6.2)

32 (5.0)

31 (6.2)

 

Gestational weight gain

 Mean; SD

14.2; 5.8

15.0; 5.8

15.3; 5.8

14.8; 5.5

0.102

 Lower than recommendationsc

50 (20.2)

117 (17.7)

91 (16.2)

78 (17.5)

0.837

 Within recommendationsc

86 (34.8)

217 (32.8)

193 (34.4)

151 (33.9)

 

 Exceeding recommendationsc

111 (44.9)

327 (49.5)

277 (49.4)

217 (48.7)

 

Birth weight (gd)

 Mean; SD

3558.1; 504.2

3554.1; 515.6

3551.4; 493.3

3585.0; 518.2

0.612

 < 2500

1 (0.3)

19 (2.5)

8 (1.2)

11 (2.2)

0.073

 2500–4500

238 (80.7)

604 (79.4)

528 (82.2)

386 (76.7)

 

 > 4000

56 (19.0)

138 (18.1)

106 (16.5)

106 (21.1)

 

Mode of delivery

 Non-instrumental

242 (82.3)

620 (81.9)

520 (81.0)

389 (77.8)

0.272

 Vag. Instr.e

11 (3.7)

34 (4.5)

20 (3.1)

26 (5.2)

 

 Elective CSf

12 (4.1)

48 (6.3)

46 (7.2)

33 (6.6)

 

 Emergency CSf

29 (9.9)

55 (7.3)

56 (8.7)

52 (10.4)

 

Blood loss during delivery/postpartum (mlg)h

 Mean; SD

483.1; 339.5

464.1; 357.0

502.0; 399.4

538.6; 369.3

0.013

 ≥ 500

78 (32.4)

184 (29.7)

173 (33.3)

156 (40.1)

0.008

Preeclampsia/ Pregnancy-induced hypertension

7 (2.4)

22 (2.9)

31 (4.8)

20 (4.0)

0.156

Self-rated health during pregnancy

 Very poor/poor

11 (5.8)

32 (6.6)

28 (6.5)

20 (5.9)

0.037

 Neither good nor poor

14 (7.3)

52 (10.7)

51 (11.9)

58 (17.2)

 

 Good/Very good

166 (86.9)

402 (82.7)

349 (81.5)

260 (76.9)

 
  1. aANOVA test for continuous variables and Chi-square test for categorical variables
  2. bPreterm (≤36 + 6), term (37 + 0–41 + 6) and post term (≥42 + 0)
  3. cAccording to the IOM, underweight women should gain between 12.5–18 kg, those with normal weight 11.5–16 kg, those with overweight 7–11.5 kg and obese women should gain 5–9 kg during pregnancy
  4. dGrams (g)
  5. eVaginal instrumental. Including vacuum extraction or forceps
  6. fCaesarean section (CS)
  7. gMilliliters (ml)
  8. hOnly vaginal non-instrumental deliveries included