|
Fetal outcomes
|
Low-stable
|
Low delayed-increasing
|
Low reverse-increasing
|
Medium reverse-increasing
|
Medium-stable
|
High-stable
|
|---|
|
(n = 3893)
|
(n = 1521)
|
(n = 4454)
|
(n = 3352)
|
(n = 4404)
|
(n = 2729)
|
|---|
|
Pre-term delivery (< 37) (n, %)
|
61 (4.01%)
|
216 (4.85%)
|
187 (5.58%)
|
150 (3.85%)
|
234 (5.31%)
|
185 (6.78%)
|
|
Model 1
|
1.00 (reference)
|
1.04 (0.77–1.41)
|
1.27 (1.03–1.57)
|
1.47 (1.18–1.84)
|
1.40 (1.14–1.73)
|
1.82 (1.46–2.26)
|
|
Model 2
|
1.00 (reference)
|
1.04 (0.76–1.42)
|
1.28 (1.03–1.60)
|
1.37 (1.08–1.72)
|
1.36 (1.09–1.70)
|
1.63 (1.28–2.07)
|
|
Model 3
|
1.00 (reference)
|
0.94 (0.68–1.31)
|
1.15 (0.91–1.47)
|
1.29 (0.97–1.71)
|
1.32 (1.03–1.68)
|
1.52 (1.12–2.07)
|
|
Model 4
|
1.00 (reference)
|
0.95 (0.68–1.32)
|
1.15 (0.91–1.47)
|
1.29 (0.98–1.72)
|
1.31 (1.03–1.67)
|
1.53 (1.12–2.08)
|
|
Early-term delivery (37–38) (n, %)
|
531 (34.91%)
|
1691 (37.97%)
|
1287 (38.39%)
|
1253 (32.19%)
|
1597 (36.26%)
|
1061 (38.88%)
|
|
Model 1
|
1.00 (reference)
|
1.13 (1.00–1.28)
|
1.29 (1.18–1.41)
|
1.31 (1.19–1.45)
|
1.20 (1.09–1.31)
|
1.34 (1.21–1.48)
|
|
Model 2
|
1.00 (reference)
|
1.14 (1.00–1.30)
|
1.35 (1.23–1.49)
|
1.37 (1.23–1.52)
|
1.22 (1.10–1.34)
|
1.39 (1.24–1.56)
|
|
Model 3
|
1.00 (reference)
|
1.11 (0.97–1.27)
|
1.26 (1.13–1.40)
|
1.26 (1.11–1.43)
|
1.18 (1.06–1.31)
|
1.26 (1.10–1.46)
|
|
Model 4
|
1.00 (reference)
|
1.12 (0.97–1.28)
|
1.25 (1.12–1.39)
|
1.27 (1.12–1.44)
|
1.17 (1.05–1.30)
|
1.30 (1.13–1.50)
|
|
Small for gestational age (n, %)
|
170 (11.18%)
|
436 (9.79%)
|
367 (10.95%)
|
351 (9.02%)
|
379 (8.61%)
|
283 (10.37%)
|
|
Model 1
|
1.00 (reference)
|
1.27 (1.05–1.54)
|
1.10 (0.95–1.27)
|
1.24 (1.06–1.45)
|
0.95 (0.82–1.11)
|
1.17 (0.99–1.38)
|
|
Model 2
|
1.00 (reference)
|
1.14 (0.93–1.41)
|
1.07 (0.91–1.25)
|
1.31 (1.11–1.55)
|
1.09 (0.93–1.29)
|
1.52 (1.27–1.82)
|
|
Model 3
|
1.00 (reference)
|
1.15 (0.93–1.42)
|
1.00 (0.84–1.18)
|
1.18 (0.96–1.44)
|
1.04 (0.87–1.23)
|
1.34 (1.08–1.68)
|
|
Model 4
|
1.00 (reference)
|
1.14 (0.93–1.41)
|
1.01 (0.85–1.20)
|
1.17 (0.96–1.43)
|
1.05 (0.89–1.25)
|
1.32 (1.06–1.65)
|
|
Low birth weight (n, %)
|
22 (1.45%)
|
119 (2.67%)
|
84 (2.51%)
|
85 (2.18%)
|
101 (2.29%)
|
93 (3.41%)
|
|
Model 1
|
1.00 (reference)
|
0.66 (0.41–1.06)
|
1.23 (0.93–1.63)
|
1.15 (0.85–1.56)
|
1.05 (0.79–1.41)
|
1.58 (1.17–2.13)
|
|
Model 2
|
1.00 (reference)
|
0.63 (0.38–1.03)
|
1.26 (0.94–1.69)
|
1.16 (0.84–1.60)
|
1.13 (0.83–1.54)
|
1.68 (1.21–2.33)
|
|
Model 3
|
1.00 (reference)
|
0.57 (0.34–0.94)
|
1.16 (0.84–1.59)
|
1.11 (0.76–1.64)
|
1.09 (0.78–1.52)
|
1.62 (1.07–2.45)
|
|
Model 4
|
1.00 (reference)
|
0.57 (0.34–0.94)
|
1.16 (0.84–1.59)
|
1.11 (0.75–1.63)
|
1.09 (0.78–1.51)
|
1.64 (1.08–2.48)
|
- Model 1 was unadjusted;
- Model 2 was adjusted for maternal age at delivery (in years, continuous), early pregnancy BMI (Kg/m2, continuous), gestation, parity, presence of GDM;
- Model 3 was additionally controlled for SBP (mmHg, continuous) at the first visit, and SBP measurement times (continuous) during pregnancy, based on model 2;
- Model 4 was additionally controlled for infant sex (boys, girls) and presence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (including GH, PE and eclampsia), on the basis of Model 3
