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Table 4 Results of the logistic regression models III and IV Estimating the Knowledge of Danger Signs about Obstetric Complication using Confounders; Odds Ratio (OR) and associated 95% confidence intervals are reported: OR (95%CI)

From: The knowledge of danger signs of obstetric complications among women in rural India: evaluating an integrated microfinance and health literacy program

 

Secondary Effects

Using confounders

S.no

Explanatory Variable name

Model III

Model IV

  

Odds Ratio (95% CI)

Odds Ratio (95% CI)

1.

Level of Household (HH) Microfinance (MF) Exposure

 HH in a village with no program intervention (Pure control-reference)

  

 Non-Member Household in a village with SHG or SHG + health program

0.62*** (0.54–0.71)

0.61*** (0.53–0.71)

  (SHG) Member Household in a village with SHG only intervention

1.06 (0.90–1.26)

1.06 (0.90–1.27)

  (SHG + Health) Member Household in a village with SHG plus Health intervention

0.81*** (0.68–0.96

0.81*** (0.68–0.96)

2

Round

 Round 1 (reference)

  

 Round 2

0.35*** (0.30–0.41)

0.29*** (0.24–0.34)

3.

Two-way Interaction Effects (Round # SHG Exposure)

 Round 1# Non-MF HH in Pure Control village (reference)

  

 Round 2 # Non-MF HH in village with MF or MF+ Health

1.64*** (1.37–1.97)

1.65*** (1.37–1.99)

 Round2 # MF-HH in village with MF only

1.04 (0.84–1.29)

1.03 (0.83–1.28)

 Round2 # MF+ Health HH in village with MF plus health

2.13*** (1.72–2.64)

2.13*** (1.71–2.64)

 

Model III-Individual Health and Health System variables

4.

 Parity (number of previous pregnancies) of Eligible Woman

0.96*** (0.93–0.98)

0.99 (0.96–1.02)

5.

 Any Past Pregnancy Loss (due to spontaneous/induced abortion)

0.97 (0.90–1.05)

0.98 (0.91–1.06)

6.

 Any Complication experienced in last pregnancy/labour or post-partum

0.84*** (0.78–0.90)

0.84*** (0.78–0.90)

7.

 Eligible woman’s knowledge of the minimum number of Antenatal Check-up (ANC) required during pregnancy

1.03 (0.96–1.10)

0.98 (0.92–1.06)

8.

 Received four or more ANC in last pregnancy with urine/blood pressure /weight/abdominal/ultrasound test in last ANC

1.01 (0.92–1.11)

0.92* (0.83–1.00)

9.

 Place of Last Delivery

  Home Delivery (reference)

  

  Institutional Delivery

1.07 (0.90–1.28)

0.93 (0.78–1.10)

10.

 Duration (in hours) of stay in Health Facility immediately after delivery

  1. Home Delivery (reference)

  

  2. Discharged within 12 h

1.22*** (1.03–1.43)

1.28*** (1.08–1.51)

  3. Discharged between 12 and 24 h

1.12 (0.93–1.35)

1.19* (0.99–1.43)

  4. Discharged between 24 and 48 h

1.03 (0.85–1.25)

1.08 (0.89–1.32)

  5. Discharged between 48 and 72 h

0.90 (0.69–1.16)

0.97 (0.74–1.26)

  6. Discharged after > 72 h

1.00

1.00

11.

 Received 3 PNC in first 7 Days after Delivery

1.05 (0.93–1.19)

0.99 (0.88–1.12)

12.

 Number of contact with ASHA/ANM/AWW/SHG in last pregnancy

0.99*** (0.98–1.00)

0.99*** (0.99–1.00)

13.

 Distance to Primary health Centre if not available in the village

0.99*** (0.99–1.00)

0.99** (0.98–1.00)

 

Model IV-Socio-Demographic/Economic and Area Level Variables

14.

 Distance to closest town

–

1.08*** (1.03–1.13)

15.

 Population of Village

–

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

16.

 Household (HH) with Below Poverty Line (BPL) Card

  No BPL Card -reference

  

  Yes-HH has BPL Card

–

1.10*** (1.03–1.19)

17.

 Household Wealth Quintile (Poor to Poorest)

  

  1. Marginally Poor (reference)

  

  2. Moderately Poor

–

1.00 (0.89–1.12)

  3. Poor

–

0.84*** (0.75–0.94)

  4. Poorer

–

0.62*** (0.55–0.70)

  5. Poorest

–

0.51*** (0.45–0.58)

18.

 Eligible Woman Presently Working to earn in cash, kind, or both

 

1.21*** (1.10–1.32)

19.

 Family Type

  Nuclear Family (reference)

  

  Joint and Extended Family

–

1.20*** (1.11–1.30)

20.

 Religion

  Muslim (reference)

  

  Hinduism and Others

–

1.15** (1.01–1.30)

21.

 Scheduled Caste

  General Caste (reference)

–

–

  Other Backward Caste

–

1.05 (0.93–1.17)

  Scheduled Caste & Tribe

–

0.97 (0.86–1.09)

22.

 Eligible Woman’s age in completed years

 

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

23.

 Eligible Woman (EW) Age in completed years

–

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

24.

 Eligible Woman (EW) Completed Education Level

  

  No schooling (reference)

  

  Completed Primary School (year 9) and Above

–

0.93* (0.86–1.01)

25.

 EW’s Husband’s Completed Education Level

  

  No schooling (reference)

  

  Completed Primary School (year 9) and Above

–

1.15*** (1.05–1.27)

 Estimation of Model Fit

Model III

Model IV

  Log likelihood

−10,143

− 9976

  Number of Observation

17,232

17,232

  AIC/BIC

20,329/20,492.

20,024 / 20,303

  1. Note: Confidence intervals in parentheses; and significant p-value showing ***: p < 0.01, **: p < 0.05 and *: p < 0.10 levels. Log-likelihood and AIC/BIC values were also reported