Table 3 Characteristics of Indices of Prenatal Care Utilization Evaluated for their Measurement Properties
From: Systematic review of the measurement properties of indices of prenatal care utilization
Index and Studies | Adequate Start of Prenatal care | Adequate Number of Prenatal Visits | Categories of Prenatal Care | Basis for Standard | Properties Evaluated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1–4 mo | 11 | Intensive Adequate Intermediate Inadequate No care/missing | ACOG | - Reliability - Predictive validity - Concurrent validity | |
1–3 mo | 9 | Adequate Intermediate Inadequate No care/missing | ACOG | - Reliability - Predictive validity - Concurrent validity | |
1–3 mo | 9 | Intensive Adequate Intermediate Inadequate No care/missing | ACOGa | - Reliability - Predictive validity - Concurrent validity | |
1–3 mo | 13 | Intensive Adequate Intermediate Inadequate No care Missing | ACOG | - Predictive validity | |
1–2 mo | 7 (multipara); 9 (primipara) | Adequate Intermediate Inadequate No care/missing data | PHS | - Reliability - Concurrent validity | |
1–3 mo | ≥ 6 | Adequate Intermediate Inadequate | - Reliability - Predictive validity - Concurrent validity | ||
Carvalho & Novaes Index [25] | 1–3 mo | ≥ 7 | Adequate Inadequate | NR | - Reliability - Concurrent validity |
Ciari Index [25] | 1–3 mo | 11 | Good Fair Missing | NR | - Reliability - Concurrent validity |
Cluster solution [23] | NR | ≥ 12 | Six clusters of patterns of prenatal care | NR | - Concurrent validity |
Coutinho Index [25] | 1–3.5 mo | ≥ 6 | Adequate Intermediate Inadequate | NR | - Reliability - Concurrent validity |
Content and Timing of Care in Pregnancy [26] | 1–4 mo | Minimum 80% ratio between visits conducted and expected visits | Appropriate Sufficient Intermediate Inadequate | NR | - Predictive validity |
LV-APNC [20] | NR | 9 | Adequate Plus Adequate Intermediate Inadequate | NR | - Predictive validity |