Table 3 Bi-variable and multi-variable odds ratio for potential factors of completing four or more ANC visit in Ethiopia, EDHS 2016
Variables | COR(95%CI) | AOR(95%CI) |
|---|---|---|
Marital status | ||
Never in union | ref | |
Currently in union | 0.99 (0.97,1.03) | 0.95 (0.91,1.00) |
Sex of household headed | ||
Male | Ref | |
Female | 1.02 (0.99,1.05) | 1.13 (0.98,1.37) |
Place of Residence | ||
Urban | Ref | |
Rural | 0.66 (0.63,0.69) | 0.59 (0.45,0.77)** |
Age | ||
15–19 | Ref | Ref |
20–24 | 1.02 (0.97,1.08) | 1.07 (0.76,1.50) |
25–29 | 1.02 (0.97,1.08) | 1.18 (0.82,1.68) |
30–34 | 1.02 (0.96,1.07) | 1.23 (0.84,1.80) |
35–39 | 1.03 (0.97,1.08) | 1.32 (0.88,1.98) |
40–44 | 0.95 (0.91,1.04) | 1.01 (0.63,1.60) |
45–49 | 0.96 (0.89,1.05) | 1.02 (0.57,1.83) |
Religion | ||
Orthodox | Ref | Ref |
Muslim | 0.52 (0.44,0.62) | 1.03 (0.82, 1.28) |
Protestant | 0.60 (0.49,0.73) | 0.71 (0.55,0.91)* |
Catholic & traditional | 0.53 (0.37,0.75) | 0.52 (0.33,0.83)* |
Birth order | ||
1 | Ref | |
2–4 | 0.96 (0.93,0.98) | 0.88 (0.71,1.09) |
> =5 | 0.93 (0.91,0.96) | 0.85 (0.62,1.17) |
Women Level of education | ||
Unable to read and write | Ref | |
Primary education | 1.05 (1.02,1.07) | 0.96 (0.82,1.13) |
Secondary education | 1.16 (1.11,1.21) | 1.02 (0.77,1.35) |
Higher education | 1.23 (1.16,1.31) | 1.02 (0.67,1.56) |
Parity | ||
1 | Ref | Ref |
2–5 | 0.80 (0.72,0.89) | 0.92 (0.75,1.14) |
≥ 5 | 0.74 (0.65,0.83) | 0.94 (0.68,1.29) |
Wealth quartile | ||
Poor | Ref | |
middle | 1.04 (1.01,1.07) | 1.09 (0.91,1.31) |
rich | 1.17 (1.14,1.21) | 1.10 (0.91,1.33) |
Distance to the health institution | ||
Not a big problem | ref | ref |
A big problem | 1.44 (1.30,1.59) | 1.21 (1.04,1.39)* |
Exposure to media | ||
Yes | Ref | Ref |
No | 1.55 (1.39,1.72) | 1.09 (0.94,1.28) |
Partner’s level of education | ||
no education | Ref | ref |
Primary | 1.19 (1.07,1.33) | 1.06 (0.92,1.22) |
Secondary | 1.81 (1.53,2.14) | 1.33 (1.05,1.67) |
Higher | 1.69 (1.40,2.05) | 1.02 (0.76,1.36) |
Region | ||
Tigray | 0.73 (0.67,0.79) | 0.48 (0.28,0.82)* |
Afar | 0.48 (0.44,0.52) | 0.13 (0.07,0.24)* |
Amhara | 0.56 (0.51,0.61) | 0.24 (0.14,0.42)* |
Oromia | 0.52 (0.48,0.56) | 0.25 (0.15,0.43)* |
Somalia | 0.45 (0.42,0.49) | 0.08 (0.05,0.15)* |
Benishangul Gumuz | 0.62 (0.57,0.68) | 0.48 (0.28, 0.84)* |
SNNP | 0.61 (0.56,0.66) | 0.48 (0.28,0.83)* |
Gambela | 0.59 (0.54,0.64) | 0.37 (0.21,0.66)* |
Harari | 0.60 (0.55,0.56) | 0.16 (0.09,0.28)* |
Addis Ababa | Ref | Ref |
Dire Dawa | 0.80 (0.71,0.88) | 0.52 (0.29,0.93)* |
Community level ANC utilization | ||
high | Ref | Ref |
low | 1.54 (1.49,1.59) | 2.67 (2.21,3.24)* |
Community level literacy | ||
low | Ref | Ref |
high | 1.38 (1.32,1.43) | 1.07 (1.03,1.12)* |
Community level media exposure | ||
Higher media exposure | Ref | Ref |
Lower media exposure | 1.50 (1.05,1.75) | 1.16 (0.95,1.42) |
Timing of ANC | ||
Less than 12 weeks | Ref | Ref |
More than 12 weeks | 0.80 (0.58,0.90) | 0.70 (0.60,0.82) |