Table 1 Unadjusted association between inadequate ANC visits and potentially important variables: 2014–15 Demographic and Health Survey data
Variables | Overall sample | Timely with 4 visits | Not timely/< 4 visits or both |  |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | n (%a) | n (%a) | n (%a) | P-valuea§ |
Sample size(n) | 5876 | 2245 | 3631 | Â |
Barriers to care | < 0.001 | |||
 No | 2303 (38.3) | 982 (42.3) | 1321 (35.8) |  |
 Yes | 3573 (61.3) | 2245 (57.7) | 2310 (64.2) |  |
Pregnancy status | < 0.001 | |||
 Planned and wanted | 3556 (60.8) | 1523 (67.8) | 2033 (56.5) |  |
 Unplanned but wanted later | 1566 (26.4) | 503 (22.4) | 1063 (28.8) |  |
 Unplanned and unwanted | 754 (12.9) | 219 (9.8) | 535 (14.7) |  |
Age (%) | < 0.001 | |||
 15–24 years | 1243 (21.4) | 472 (22.0) | 771 (21.1) |  |
 25–34 years | 313 (52.7) | 1257 (55.2) | 1875 (51.2) |  |
 35+ years | 1501 (25.8) | 516 (22.8) | 985 (27.7) |  |
Wealth group | 0.379 | |||
 Poor | 2594 (45.0) | 954 (43.7) | 1640 (45.8) |  |
 Middle class | 1106 (19.8) | 430 (20.2) | 676 (19.6) |  |
 Rich | 2176 (35.3) | 861 (36.2) | 1315 (34.7) |  |
Education | < 0.001 | |||
 No education/primary | 5007 (86.4) | 1849 (84.0) | 3158 (87.9) |  |
 Secondary or higher | 869 (13.6) | 396 (16.0) | 473 (12.1) |  |
Residence | 0.725 | |||
 Rural | 4575 (83.1) | 1727 (82.8) | 2848 (83.3) |  |
 Urban | 1301 (16.9) | 518 (17.2) | 783 (16.7) |  |
Marital status | < 0.001 | |||
 Never in union | 614 (10.3) | 172 (7.7) | 442 (11.8) |  |
 Married or living with partner | 4685 (80.0) | 1875 (83.5) | 2810 (77.8) |  |
 Previously married | 577 (9.7) | 198 (8.7) | 379 (10.3) |  |
Employment status | 0.015 | |||
 Not working | 387 (6.4) | 128 (5.3) | 259 (7.0) |  |
 Skilled | 994 (15.5) | 418 (16.8) | 576 (14.7) |  |
 Unskilled | 4495 (78.1) | 1699 (77.8) | 2796 (78.3) |  |
Watch TV or listen to radio at least once a week | 0.012 | |||
 No | 2422 (42.1) | 866 (39.8) | 1556 (43.4) |  |
 Yes | 3454 (57.9) | 1379 (60.2) | 2075 (56.6) |  |
Insurance coverage (%) | < 0.001 | |||
 No | 1598 (27.7) | 498 (23.0) | 1100 (30.7) |  |
 Yes | 4278 (72.3) | 1747 (77.0) | 2531 (69.3) |  |
Number of living children (mean, SD) | 2.8 (1.6) | 2.6 (0.04) | 2.9 (1.8) | < 0.001 |