Table 2 Multivariable hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of incident CVD per additional live birth among women and men: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, Iran, 1999–2016

Live birth (per each additional)

1.04 (0.99–1.09)

0.094

1.01 (0.95–1.07)

0.714

Age (year)

1.05 (1.03–1.06)

< 0.001

1.06 (1.05–1.07)

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

0.404

1.01 (0.99–1.04)

0.219

T2DM, yes

2.37 (1.92–2.91)

< 0.001

2.41 (1.92–3.01)

< 0.001

Hypertension, yes

1.84 (1.49–2.26)

< 0.001

1.55 (1.28–1.88)

< 0.001

Hypercholesterolemia, yes

1.82 (1.38–2.41)

< 0.001

1.49 (1.24–1.79)

< 0.001

Low physical activity, yes

1.12 (0.91–1.39)

0.282

1.03 (0.85–1.26)

0.735

 Illiterate/primary school

Reference

Reference

 Below diploma/diploma

0.78 (0.59–1.03)

0.084

1.14 (0.92–1.41)

0.229

 Above diploma

0.67 (0.34–1.32)

0.248

0.96 (0.71–1.29)

0.772

 Never

Reference

Reference

 Former

1.09 (0.71–1.69)

0.693

1.27 (1.01–1.59)

0.044

 Current

1.65 (1.09–2.50)

0.018

1.60 (1.30–1.96)

< 0.001

FH of premature CVD, yes

1.61 (1.31–1.99)

< 0.001

1.32 (1.04–1.68)

0.023

History of miscarriage, yes

1.18 (0.98–1.42)

0.088

OCP use, yes

0.48 (0.20–1.18)

0.109