Table 3 Difference in maternal FAS and FA prevalence in relation to breastfeeding-related practices
Breastfeeding-related practices | N | FAS | P value | Feeding anxiety n(%) | P value | ORs (95% CI) a | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(mean ± SD) | Negative(≤38) | Mild(39 ~ 52) | Severe(≥53) | |||||
Touching breast in mother’s arms within 1 h after delivery | ||||||||
No | 197 | 41.00 ± 8.22 | 0.968 | 78 (39.6%) | 102 (51.8%) | 17 (8.6%) | 0.920 | 1 |
Yes | 259 | 41.03 ± 8.20 | 98 (37.8%) | 161 (62.2%) | 22 (8.5%) | 1.08 (0.74 ~ 1.58) | ||
Colostrum feeding | ||||||||
No | 19 | 44.74 ± 11.33 | 0.043* | 6 (31.6%) | 10 (52.6%) | 3 (15.8%) | 0.376 | 1 |
Yes | 437 | 40.86 ± 8.02 | 170 (38.9%) | 231 (52.9%) | 36 (8.2%) | 0.73 (0.27 ~ 1.94) | ||
Feeding other non-milk food or liquid before breastfeeding after delivery | ||||||||
No | 272 | 41.19 ± 7.89 | 0.583 | 101 (37.1%) | 148 (54.4%) | 23 (8.5%) | 0.707 | 1 |
Yes | 184 | 40.76 ± 8.66 | 75 (40.8%) | 93 (50.5%) | 16 (8.7%) | 0.86 (0.59 ~ 1.26) | ||
Exclusive breastfeeding | ||||||||
No | 354 | 40.99 ± 8.14 | 0.911 | 132 (37.3%) | 194 (54.8%) | 28 (7.9%) | 0.272 | 1 |
Yes | 102 | 41.10 ± 8.45 | 44 (43.1%) | 47 (53.9%) | 11 (10.8%) | 0.78 (0.50 ~ 1.23) | ||
Feeding water, beverages or juice presently | ||||||||
No | 201 | 40.40 ± 7.73 | 0.156 | 78 (38.8%) | 109 (54.2%) | 14 (7.0%) | 0.551 | 1 |
Yes | 255 | 41.50 ± 8.54 | 98 (38.4%) | 132 (51.8%) | 25 (9.8%) | 1.02 (0.70 ~ 1.49) | ||
Feeding infant formula | ||||||||
No | 261 | 40.74 ± 8.11 | 0.403 | 101 (38.7%) | 142 (54.4%) | 18 (6.9%) | 0.327 | 1 |
Yes | 195 | 41.39 ± 8.33 | 75 (38.5%) | 99 (50.8%) | 21 (10.8%) | 1.01 (0.69 ~ 1.48) | ||
Bottle feeding | ||||||||
No | 188 | 39.69 ± 7.92 | 0.004* | 79 (42.0%) | 100 (53.2%) | 9 (4.8%) | 0.043* | 1 |
Yes | 268 | 41.95 ± 8.28 | 97 (36.2%) | 141 (52.6%) | 30 (11.2%) | 1.28 (0.87 ~ 1.87) | ||
Outdoor sunshine exposure | ||||||||
No | 251 | 40.27 ± 8.16 | 0.032* | 106 (42.2%) | 125 (49.8%) | 20 (8.0%) | 0.210 | 1 |
Yes | 205 | 41.93 ± 8.18 | 70 (34.1%) | 116 (56.6%) | 19 (9.3%) | 1.41 (0.96 ~ 2.07) | ||