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Table 4 Logistic regression between unhealthy maternal behaviors and demographic characteristics

From: Maternal health behaviors during pregnancy in rural Northwestern China

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

VARIABLES

Low dietary diversity (1 = dietary diversity scores <= 6)

Weight gain out of standard range

Exposure to tobacco (including second-hand smoke)

BMI out of standard range

No folic acid consumption

(1 = below standard range)

(1 = above standard range)

(1 = exposure to tobacco)

(1 = below standard range)

(1 = above standard range)

(1 = no folic acid consumption)

 

OR a

P Value

OR

P Value

OR

P Value

OR

P Value

OR

P Value

OR

P Value

OR

P Value

(95% CI)

(95% CI)

(95% CI)

(95% CI)

(95% CI)

(95% CI)

(95% CI)

Age > mean

0.80

0.209

1.17

0.472

0.90

0.598

1.01

0.943

1.01

0.950

1.71**

0.044

0.90

0.649

(0.57–1.13)

 

(0.76–1.79)

 

(0.62–1.32)

 

(0.72–1.42)

 

(0.64–1.61)

 

(1.02–2.87)

 

(0.58–1.40)

 

Completed high school (or above)

0.68**

0.015

0.63**

0.031

0.84

0.322

1.36**

0.047

0.82

0.335

0.71

0.181

0.70

0.105

(0.50–0.93)

 

(0.42–0.96)

 

(0.59–1.19)

 

(1.00–1.86)

 

(0.55–1.23)

 

(0.43–1.17)

 

(0.46–1.08)

 

Currently working as migrant

0.98

0.872

1.17

0.436

1.06

0.718

0.68**

0.013

1.28

0.213

1.58*

0.050

0.76

0.204

(0.72–1.33)

 

(0.79–1.73)

 

(0.76–1.49)

 

(0.50–0.92)

 

(0.87–1.89)

 

(1.00–2.50)

 

(0.50–1.16)

 

Ever worked as migrant

1.14

0.496

0.90

0.668

0.88

0.546

0.88

0.515

1.15

0.605

0.79

0.428

0.82

0.426

(0.78–1.68)

 

(0.54–1.48)

 

(0.57–1.34)

 

(0.60–1.29)

 

(0.68–1.94)

 

(0.45–1.41)

 

(0.51–1.33)

 

First pregnancy

1.13

0.413

1.07

0.724

1.32*

0.090

1.18

0.263

1.04

0.815

1.24

0.353

0.85

0.417

(0.84–1.51)

 

(0.74–1.54)

 

(0.96–1.82)

 

(0.89–1.56)

 

(0.73–1.50)

 

(0.79–1.95)

 

(0.58–1.25)

 

Husband’s age > mean

1.33

0.109

0.56**

0.011

1.10

0.643

0.87

0.434

0.56**

0.014

0.88

0.644

1.08

0.747

(0.94–1.89)

 

(0.36–0.88)

 

(0.74–1.61)

 

(0.62–1.23)

 

(0.35–0.89)

 

(0.52–1.50)

 

(0.69–1.68)

 

Husband completed high school (or above)

0.81

0.149

1.06

0.752

1.18

0.325

1.01

0.967

1.18

0.397

0.87

0.551

0.89

0.564

(0.60–1.08)

 

(0.72–1.57)

 

(0.85–1.63)

 

(0.75–1.35)

 

(0.81–1.71)

 

(0.54–1.38)

 

(0.60–1.32)

 

Lived with husband for ≥3 months

1.20

0.198

0.80

0.230

0.75*

0.075

0.93

0.599

1.15

0.465

1.01

0.981

1.35

0.109

(0.91–1.60)

 

(0.56–1.15)

 

(0.55–1.03)

 

(0.70–1.23)

 

(0.79–1.66)

 

(0.66–1.53)

 

(0.94–1.94)

 

Lived with mother / mother-in-law ≥3 months

1.10

0.512

0.86

0.401

0.78

0.122

0.94

0.642

1.09

0.638

0.90

0.624

0.93

0.678

(0.83–1.46)

 

(0.60–1.23)

 

(0.57–1.07)

 

(0.71–1.23)

 

(0.75–1.59)

 

(0.60–1.37)

 

(0.65–1.32)

 

Asset index (PCA score)

0.82***

< 0.001

1.03

0.581

1.02

0.651

1.01

0.797

0.98

0.770

1.08

0.266

0.90*

0.055

 

(0.75–0.90)

 

(0.92–1.15)

 

(0.93–1.12)

 

(0.93–1.10)

 

(0.88–1.10)

 

(0.94–1.23)

 

(0.81–1.00)

 

County fixed effect

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Cohort fixed effect

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Observations

1088

691

836

1088

960

893

1088

  1. Source: Authors’ survey
  2. aAbbreviation: CI 95% Confidence interval, reported in parentheses. Odds Ratio are showed in the table
  3. * significant at 5%; ** significant at 5%; *** significant at 1%